Earthquakes and Structures

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Effect of staircase on seismic performance of RC frame building

  • Kumbhar, Onkar G. (Department of Applied Mechanics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology) ;
  • Kumar, Ratnesh (Department of Applied Mechanics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology) ;
  • Adhikary, Shrabony (Department of Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology)
  • Received : 2014.08.26
  • Accepted : 2015.02.05
  • Published : 2015.08.25
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Abstract

Staircase is a vertical transportation element commonly used in every multistoried structure. Inclined flights of staircase are usually casted monolithically with RC frame. The structural configuration of stairs generally introduces discontinuities into the typical regular reinforced concrete frame composed of beams and columns. Inclined position of flight transfers both vertical as well as horizontal forces in the frame. Under lateral loading, staircase in a multistory RC frame building develops truss action creating a local stiffening effect. In case of seismic event the stiff area around staircase attracts larger force. Therefore, special attention is required while modeling and analyzing the building with staircase. However, in general design practice, designers usually ignore the staircase while modeling either due to ignorance or to avoid complexity. A numerical study has been conducted to examine the effect of ignoring staircase in modeling and design of RC frame buildings while they are really present in structure, may be at different locations. Linear dynamic analysis is performed on nine separate building models to evaluate influence of staircase on dynamic characteristics of building, followed by nonlinear static analysis on the same models to access their seismic performance. It is observed that effect of ignoring staircase in modeling is severe and leads to unsafe structure. Effect of location and orientation of staircase is also important in determining seismic performance of RC frame buildings.

Keywords

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