참고문헌
- Andrade, A.M., Bernardo, L.F.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2011), "TORQUE_MTEAV: ComputingTool to Evaluate the Ultimate Behaviour of Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Beams in Torsion", Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Nonlinear Models - Structural Concrete Aplications (CoRAN 2011), Coimbra, Portugal, November.
- Bernardo, L.F.A. (2003), Torsion in Reinforced High-Strength Concrete Hollow Beams., Ph.D. Thesis, University of Coimbra, Portugal. (in Portuguese)
- Bernardo, L.F.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2009), "Torsion in HSC hollow beams: strength and ductility analysis", ACI. Struct. J., 106(1), 39-48.
- Bernardo, L.F.A., Andrade, J.M.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2012a), "Softened truss model for reinforced NSC and HSC beams under torsion: a comparative study", Eng. Struct., 42, 278-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.04.036
- Bernardo, L.F.A., Andrade, J.M.A. and Lopes, S.M.R. (2012b), "Modified variable angle truss-model for torsion in reinforced concrete beams", Mater. Struct., 45(12), 1877-1902. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-012-9876-4
- Bernardo, L.F.A., Andrade, J.M.A., Nunes, N.C.G. (2014), "Generalized softened variable angle truss-model for reinforced concrete beams under torsion", Mater. Struct., 48(7), 2169-2193. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0301-z
- Belarbi, A. and Hsu, T.C. (1991), "Constitutive laws of softened concrete in biaxial tension-compression", Research Report UHCEE 91-2, University of Houston, Houston, Texas.
- Belarbi, A. and Hsu T.C. (1994), "Constitutive laws of concrete in tension and reinforcing bars stiffened by concrete", Struct. J. Am. Concrete. Ins., 91(4), 465-474.
- Belarbi, A., Prakash S. and You,Y.M. (2009), "Effect of spiral reinforcement on flexural-shear-torsional seismic behavior of reinforced concrete circular bridge columns", Struct. Eng. Mech., 33(2), 137-158. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2009.33.2.137
- CEB 1990, CEB-FIP MODEL CODE 1990, Comite Euro-International du Beton.
-
CEB 1995, "Ultimate Limit State Design Models, A State-of-Art Report", Bulletin d'Information
$N.^{\circ}$ 223, June. - Cevik, A., Arslan, M.H. and Saracoglu, R. (2012), "Neuro-fuzzy modeling of torsional strength of RC beams", Comput. Concr., 9(6), 469-486. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2012.9.6.469
- Comite Euro-International du Beton (CEB) (1990), CEB-FIP MODEL CODE 1990.
- Fib. 2010. Model Code 2010, First complete draft. Bulletin no 55.
- Hsu, T.T.C. (1968), "Torsion of structural concrete - behaviour of reinforced concrete rectangular members", ACI Special Publication, 18, 261-306.
- Hsu, T.T.C. (1984), Torsion of Reinforced Concrete, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
- Hsu, T.T.C. and Mo, Y.L. (1985a), "Softening of concrete in torsional members-theory and tests", ACI. J. Proc., 82(3), 290-303.
- Hsu, T.T.C. and Mo, Y.L. (1985b), "Softening of concrete in torsional members - prestressed concrete", ACI. J. Proc., 82(5), 603-615.
- Hsu, T.T.C. and Zhu, R.R.H. (2002), "Softened Membrane for Reinforced Concrete Elements in Shear", ACI. Struct. J., 99(4), 460-469.
- Hsu, T.T.C. and Zhang, L.X. (1997), "Nonlinear analysis of membrane elements by fixed-angle softened-truss model", ACI. Struct. J., 94(5), 483-492.
- Jefferson, A.D. (2003), "Craft - a plastic damage - contact model for concrete. I. Model theory and thermodynamic considerations", Int. J. Solids. Struct., 40(22), 5973-5999. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00390-1
- Jeng, C.H. and Hsu, T.T.C. (2009), "A softened membrane model for torsion in reinforced concrete members", Eng. Struct., 31(9), 1944-1954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.02.038
- Jeng, C.H., Chiu, H.J. and Chen, C.S. (2010), "Modelling the Initial Stresses in Prestressed Concrete Members under Torsion", ASCE Conference Proceedings 369, 162, 1773-1781.
- Lou, T., Lopes, A. and Lopes, S. (2011), "Numerical Behaviour axially restricted RC beams", Proceedins of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Nonlinear Models - Structural Concrete Applications.
- LUSAS (2010), Lusas Finite Element System, version 14.3. FEA - Finite Element Analysis Ltd. Kingston-upon-Thames. England.
- NP EN 1992-1-1 (2010), Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures - Part 1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings.
- Ramberg, W. and Osgood, W.R. (1943), Description of stress-strain curves by three parameters, Technical Note No. 902, National Advisory Committee For Aeronautics, Washington DC.
- Rausch, E. (1929), Design of Reinforced Concrete in torsion, Ph.D. Thesis, Berlin. (in German).
- Taborda, C.S.B. (2012), The Effect of Axial Restraint on the Behaviour of RC Beams under Torsion, Master Thesis, University of Beira Interior, Portugal. (in Portuguese).
- Valipour, H.R. and Foster, S.J. (2010), "Nonlinear analysis of 3D reinforced concrete frames: effect of section torsion on the global response", Struct. Eng. Mech., 36(4), 421-445. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2010.36.4.421
- Waldren, P. (1988), "The significance of warping torsion in the design of straight concrete box girder bridges", Can. J. Civil. Eng., 15(5), 879-889 https://doi.org/10.1139/l88-113
- Wang J. (2006), Constitutive Relationships of Prestressed Concrete Membrane Elements, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Houston, TX, USA.
- Zhang, L.X. and Hsu, T.T.C. (1998), "Behaviour and Analysis of 100 MPa Concrete Membrane Elements", J. Struct. Eng. - ASCE., 124(1), 24-34. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:1(24)
피인용 문헌
- Generalized Softened Variable Angle Truss Model for PC Beams under Torsion vol.12, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-018-0285-0
- Prestressed concrete beams under torsion-extension of the VATM and evaluation of constitutive relationships vol.61, pp.5, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.61.5.577
- Effective torsional strength of axially restricted RC beams vol.67, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.67.5.465
- Refined softened-truss model with efficient solution procedure for reinforced concrete members under torsion combined with bending vol.26, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.04.055
- Evaluation of Smeared Constitutive Laws for Tensile Concrete to Predict the Cracking of RC Beams under Torsion with Smeared Truss Model vol.14, pp.5, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051260
- Test on pure torsion behavior of channel steel reinforced concrete beams vol.44, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102967