DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Collapse response assessment of low-rise buildings with irregularities in plan

  • Manie, Salar (Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Moghadam, Abdoreza S. (International Institute of Earthquake Engineering & Seismology (IIEES)) ;
  • Ghafory-Ashtiany, Mohsen (International Institute of Earthquake Engineering & Seismology (IIEES))
  • Received : 2013.11.07
  • Accepted : 2015.01.02
  • Published : 2015.07.25

Abstract

The present paper aims at evaluating damage and collapse behavior of low-rise buildings with unidirectional mass irregularities in plan (torsional buildings). In previous earthquake events, such buildings have been exposed to extensive damages and even total collapse in some cases. To investigate the performance and collapse behavior of such buildings from probabilistic points of view, three-dimensional three and six-story reinforced concrete models with unidirectional mass eccentricities ranging from 0% to 30% and designed with modern seismic design code provisions specific to intermediate ductility class were subjected to nonlinear static as well as extensive nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) under a set of far-field real ground motions containing 21 two-component records. Performance of each model was then examined by means of calculating conventional seismic design parameters including the response reduction (R), structural overstrength (${\Omega}$) and structural ductility (${\mu}$) factors, calculation of probability distribution of maximum inter-story drift responses in two orthogonal directions and calculation collapse margin ratio (CMR) as an indicator of performance. Results demonstrate that substantial differences exist between the behavior of regular and irregular buildings in terms of lateral load capacity and collapse margin ratio. Also, results indicate that current seismic design parameters could be non-conservative for buildings with high levels of plan eccentricity and such structures do not meet the target "life safety" performance level based on safety margin against collapse. The adverse effects of plan irregularity on collapse safety of structures are more pronounced as the number of stories increases.

Keywords

References

  1. ACI (2011), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-11) and Commentary, (ACI 318R-11), American concrete Institute: Farmington Hills, Michigan.
  2. ASCE (2007), Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings, ASCE Standard ASCE/SEI 41-06, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston Virginia.
  3. ASCE (2010), Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, ASCE Standard ASCE/SEI 7-05, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Virginia.
  4. Berry, M., Parrish, M. and Eberhard, M. (2004), PEER Structural Performance Database User's Manual. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley.
  5. Bozorgnia, Y. and Bertero, V. (2004), Earthquake Engineering: From Seismology to Performance-based Seismic Engineering, CRS Press.
  6. Chopra, A.K. (2008), Dynamics of Structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering, 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall of India.
  7. DeBock, D., Liel, A., Haselton, C.B., Hooper, J. and Henige, R. (2013), "Importance of seismic design accidental torsion requirements for building collapse capacity", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 43(6), 831-850. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2375
  8. Elnashai, A.S. and Sarno, L.D. (2008), Fundamentals of Earthquake Engineering, John Wiley & Sons.
  9. DeStefano, M. and Pintucchi, B. (2008), "A review of research on seismic behaviour of irregular building structures since 2002", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 6(2), 285-308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-007-9052-3
  10. Fardis, M.N. (2009), Seismic design, assessment and retrofitting of concrete buildings based on EN-Eurocode 8, Springer.
  11. Fardis, M.N. (2010), Advances in Performance-based Earthquake Engineering (ACES Workshop), Springer.
  12. FEMA (2005), Improvement of Nonlinear Static Seismic Analysis Procedures, FEMA 440, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC.
  13. FEMA (2009), Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors, Report No. FEMA P695, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC.
  14. Georgoussis, George, K. (2013), "Yield displacement profiles of asymmetric structures for optimum torsional response", Struct. Eng. Mech., 45(2), 233-257. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.45.2.233
  15. Goel, R.K. and Chopra, A.K. (1971), Inelastic seismic response of one-story asymmetric-plan systems: Effects of System parameters and yielding, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Research Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California.
  16. Goulet, C.A., Haselton, C.B., Mitrani-Reiser, J., Beck, J.L., Deierlein, G.G., Porter, K.A. and Stewart, J.P. (2007), "Evaluation of the seismic performance of a code-conforming reinforced-concrete frame building-From seismic hazard to collapse safety and economic losses", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 36 (13), 1973-1997. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.694
  17. Haselton, C.B. (2006), "Assessing seismic collapse safety of modern reinforced concrete moment-frame buildings", Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
  18. Haselton, C.B., Baker, J.W., Liel, A.B. and Deierlein, G.C. (2009), "Accounting for expected spectral shape (epsilon) in collapse performance assessment", Am. Soc. Struct. Eng., Special Publication on Ground Motion Selection and Modification.
  19. Haselton, C.B., Baker, J.W., Liel, A.B. and Deierlein, G.G. (2011a), "Accounting for ground-motion spectral shape characteristics in structural collapse assessment through an adjustment for epsilon", J. Struct. Eng., 137(3), 332-344. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000103
  20. Haselton, C.B., Liel, A., Deierlein, G.G., Dean, B. and Chou, J. (2011), "Seismic collapse safety of reinforced concrete buildings. I: Assessment of ductile moment frames", J. Struct. Eng., 137(4), 481-491. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000318
  21. Hoerner, J.B. (1991), "Modal coupling and earthquake response of tall buildings. Report No. EERL 71-07", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 20(3), 201-222. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290200302
  22. Ibarra, L.F., Medina, R.A. and Krawinkler, H. (2005), "Hysteretic models that incorporate strength and stiffness deterioration", Int. J. Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 34(12), 1489-1511. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.495
  23. Liel, A., Haselton, C.B. and Deierlein, G.G. (2011), "Seismic collapse safety of reinforced concrete buildings. II: Comparative assessment of non-ductile and ductile moment frames", J. Struct. Eng., 137(4), 492-502. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000275
  24. Marusic, D. and Fajfar, P. (2005), "On the inelastic seismic response of asymmetric buildings under bi-axial excitation", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 34(8), 943-963. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.463
  25. Manie, S. and Moghadam, A.S. (2012), "Experiences acquired through nonlinear modeling for collapse safety assessment of 3D RC structures with irregularities in plan", Proceedings of 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal.
  26. Open Sees (2011), Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation, Pacific Earthquake Engineering research Center, University of California.
  27. Paulay, T. and Priestley, M.J.N. (1992), Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Buildings, John Wiley & Sons.
  28. Paulay, T. (2001), "Some design principles relevant to torsional phenomena in ductile buildings", J. Earthq. Eng., 5(3), 273-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460109350395
  29. Panagiotakos, T.B. and Fardis, M.N. (2001), "Deformation of reinforced concrete members at yield and ultimate", ACI Struct. J., 98(2), 135-148.
  30. Stathopoulos, K.G. and Anagnostopoulos, S.A. (2000), "Inelastic earthquake response of buildings subjected to torsion", Proceedings of 12th World conference on earthquake engineering, New Zealand.
  31. Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, C.A. (2001), Tracing and post-processing of IDA curves: Theory and software implementation, Report No. RMS-44, RMS Program: Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
  32. Varadharajan, S., Sehgal, V. and Saini, B. (2012), "Seismic response of multistory reinforced concrete frame with vertical mass and stiffness irregularities", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 23(5), 362-389. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1045
  33. Wong, C.M. and Tso, W.K. (1994), "Inelastic seismic response of torsionally unbalanced systems designed using elastic dynamic analysis", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 23(7), 777-779. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290230707
  34. Zareian, F. and Krawinkler, H. (2007), "Prediction of collapse-how realistic and practical is it, and what can we learn from it?", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 16(5), 633-653. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.433
  35. Zareian, F. and Medina, R.A. (2010), "A practical method for proper modeling of structural damping in inelastic plane structural systems", J. Comput. Struct., 88(1), 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2009.08.001

Cited by

  1. The effect of finite element modeling assumptions on collapse capacity of an RC frame building vol.18, pp.5, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.18.5.555