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통합교육의 효과에 대한 메타분석

A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Integrated Education Research

  • 투고 : 2015.04.10
  • 심사 : 2015.06.04
  • 발행 : 2015.06.30

초록

본 연구의 목적은 통합교육의 효과와 관련된 국내 연구결과에 대한 메타분석을 통하여 연구 변인에 따른 효과크기를 비교하고, 이를 통해 추후 통합교육 연구와 관련된 시사점을 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 2012년부터 최근 3년간 통합교육의 효과를 분석한 161편의 논문으로부터 총 236개의 효과크기를 산출하고, 연구의 종속변인인 창의성, 문제해결력, 학업성취도, 과학탐구능력, 창의적 인성, 과학적 태도, 흥미와 연구의 중재변인인 학습자 특성, 집단크기, 수업 운영방식, 중심교과, 출판유형(학술지/석사학위논문/박사학위논문)에 따라 효과크기에 어떤 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 연구결과 통합교육의 전체 효과크기는 0.88(U3=81.06%)로 Cohen(1988)의 해석준거에 따르면 큰 효과크기를 나타냈다. 종속변인에 따른 효과크기를 분석한 결과, 과학적 태도의 효과크기가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으나 모든 종속변인이 중간크기 이상의 효과크기를 갖는 것으로 분석되었다. 학교급 별 효과크기 분석에서는 유치원을 대상으로 한 연구의 효과 크기가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며 일반학생과 영재학생의 구분에서는 영재학생을 대상으로 한 연구의 효과크기가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 집단크기 별 효과크기는 30명 이하의 소집단을 대상으로 한 연구가 가장 컸으며, 정규교과 시간보다 방과 후 활동을 비롯한 교과 외 시간에 시행한 연구의 효과크기가 더 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 통합교육 설계의 중심이 되는 교과 별로 효과크기를 분석한 결과, 예체능 교과의 효과크기가 가장 컸으나 모든 교과에서 중간 크기 이상의 효과크기가 나타났다. 마지막으로 출판 유형에 따른 효과크기의 차이를 분석한 결과 박사학위 논문의 효과크기가 가장 컸으며 학술지 논문과 석사학위 논문의 효과크기는 비슷한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 얻은 결과를 바탕으로 추후 통합교육 관련 연구를 위한 시사점을 제안하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of integrated education research conducted in Korea and to propose a meaningful discussion for further research. Among the studies conducted for last three years, the relevant 161 research articles were selected, and 236 effect sizes were calculated. Effect sizes were analyzed with different dependant variables including creativity, problem solving ability, academic achievement, inquiry skills, creative personality, scientific attitude, and interests. In addition, effect sizes with different moderating variables, such as characteristics of subjects, sample sizes, class types, core disciplines and publication types, were compared. The results are as follows: The overall effect size of integrated education program produced a huge effect (effect size=0.88, U3=81.06%). Integrated education program showed the highest effect size on scientific attitude among other dependant variables. However, all of the other dependant variables represented more than medium size effect size. Integrated program proved to be more effective on kindergarten pupils and gifted students compared to other school levels and regular students. The effect size for group of less then thirty students were larger than other groups. Programs implemented in after school hours were more effective than in regular school hours. Considering the core subject of program, arts-centered integrated programs showed the largest effect size, while all the others showed above medium effect sizes. Finally, doctoral dissertation showed the highest effect size compared to master's thesis and academic journal articles. Conclusions and recommendations for further research were provided.

키워드

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