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Optimized Controlled Atmosphere Regimen for Storage of Fresh Fischer's Ligularia (Ligularia fischeri Turcz.) Leaves

신선 곰취(Ligularia fischeri Turcz.) 잎 저장을 위한 CA 조성 최적화

  • Park, Yoon-Moon (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Taewan (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Seok (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae Hoon (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Daegu University) ;
  • Park, Yoo Jin (Cheongsong Agriculture Technology & Extension)
  • 박윤문 (안동대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 김태완 (안동대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 김현석 (안동대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 김태훈 (대구대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 박유진 (청송군농업기술센터)
  • Received : 2014.08.15
  • Accepted : 2014.12.21
  • Published : 2015.06.30

Abstract

A controlled atmosphere (CA) regimen was optimized during 3 consecutive harvest seasons as the basis of practical modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) storage for quality maintenance and extension of storage potential of fresh Ligularia fischeri leaves. Leaves were harvested in April or May and forced-air cooled to $4^{\circ}C$ before punch-hole MAP (control, where gas concentrations were same as air) and CA treatments. CA regimens adjusted stepwise during 3 experimental years were: 1 and 3% $O_2$, respectively combined with 5 and 10% $CO_2$ in the first year, 3% $O_2$ fixed in combination with 0, 2.5, and 5% $CO_2$ in the second year, and 3% $O_2$ fixed in combination with 2.5 and 5% $CO_2$ in the third year. In the first year, higher incidence of black discoloration was observed with the reduction of respiration under 10% $CO_2$ CA conditions regardless of $O_2$ levels at 1 or 3%. In the second and third year, the incidence of the disorder seemed not to be clearly relevant to CA conditions showing slightly higher incidence only after 4- or 5-week storage + 5-day shelf life. Although texture and appearance quality were maintained better under the 3% $O_2$ + 2.5% $CO_2$condition after 4-week storage + 5-day shelf life, effects of CA on the extension of storage period was slight. Overall results indicated that Ligularia fischeri leaves are very susceptible to $CO_2$ injury. $CO_2$ concentration should be adjusted below 2.5% for safe and effective CA or MAP storage to maintain quality even during short-term storage.

곰취의 수확 후 품질 유지와 출하시기 연장을 위한 MAP 저장의 기초 연구로서 3년에 걸쳐 CA 환경 최적화 연구를 수행하였다. 4월과 5월에 수확한 곰취는 차압통풍 예냉 방식으로 $4^{\circ}C$까지 품온을 낮춘 후 펀치 홀 MAP(일반 공기 조성과 같은 대조구) 및 CA 환경을 조성하였다. 대조구로서 MA 포장은 펀치 홀 천공 처리한 PP 필름 봉지를 활용하였다. CA 환경은 1년차에는 $O_2$ 1, 3% 2개 농도에 각각 $CO_2$ 5, 10%를 조합한 $2{\times}2$ 요인 처리, 2년차에는 $O_2$ 3% 고정에 $CO_2$ 0, 2.5, 5% 3개 처리, 3년차에는 $O_2$ 3%와 $CO_2$ 2.5, 5% 2개 처리를 설정하여 단계적인 최적화 과정을 거쳤다. 1년차 실험 결과, $O_2$ 1, 3%와 무관하게 $CO_2$ 10% 조합 CA 조건에서는 호흡속도의 감소와 함께 흑변 증상이 심하게 발생하였다. 2, 3년차에는 CA 저장에서도 장해 발생률이 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았으나 4주 이상 저장 + 유통 후에는 대조구에 비해 다소 높은 경향이었다. 저장 4주 + 유통 5일 후에 조사한 조직감과 외관 상품성은 $O_2$ 3% + $CO_2$ 2.5% CA 저장에서 우수하였으나 CA 조성에 따른 저장기간 연장 효과는 크지 않았다. 연구 결과를 종합해 보면, 곰취는 이산화탄소 장해에 민감한 작물로서 상품성 유지를 위한 안전하고 효과적인 MAP 또는 CA 저장을 위한 $CO_2$ 농도 조성은 2.5% 수준이 적합한 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

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