Membrane and Water Treatment

  • 제6권1호
  • /
  • Pages.43-52
  • /
  • 2015
  • /
  • 2005-8624(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2092-7037(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A small-scale membrane electro-dialyser for domestic use

  • Chaalal, Omar (Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University) ;
  • Hossain, Md.M. (Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University)
  • 투고 : 2014.07.15
  • 심사 : 2014.11.22
  • 발행 : 2015.01.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

A small-scale electro-dialysis system was constructed for domestic use. It is composed of six compartments in which five special polystyrene ionic membranes are housed. A series of experiments on the transport of sodium and chloride ions through polystyrene membranes was performed and the effects of electric current and voltage on the pH of water were investigated. This electrodialyser could reduce the NaCl content to an acceptable level (5307 mg/L) when water containing 9945 mg/L of sodium chloride is fed to the electrodialyser. The reduction was by the action of direct current 60 mA/100 mA when a 15 V / 20 V potential is maintained across the membrane. The results showed that the pH of the treated water attained a value in the range of 7-8, with the chloride concentration of 5307 mg/L when the voltage was in the range of 20 volts. This was achieved when two of the small-scale electro-dialysers were placed in series and the solutions from the respective compartments were mixed. This is considered useful because this complies to the requirement of drinking water standard both in terms of chloride and pH. Therefore, this type electrodialyserhas the potential for domestic uses in isolated houses where potable water supply is not available.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Al-Obaidani, S., Curcio, E., Macedonio, F., Di Profio, Al-Hinai, H. and Drioli, E. (2008), "Potential of membrane distillation in seawater desalination: Thermal efficiency, sensitivity study and cost estimation", J. Membr. Sci., 323(1), 85-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2008.06.006
  2. Banasiak, L.J., Kruttschnitt, T.W. and Schafer, A.I. (2007), "Desalination using electrodialysis as a function of voltage and salt concentration", Desalination, 205(1-3), 38-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2006.04.038
  3. Boo, C., Elimelech, M. and Hong, S. (2013), "Fouling control in a forward osmosis process integrating seawater desalination and wastewater reclamation", J. Membr. Sci., 444, 148-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2013.05.004
  4. Dawod, M.A. and Mulla, M.M. (2012), "Environmental impacts of seawater desalination: Arabian Gulf Case study", Int. J. Environ. Sustain., 1(3), 22-37.
  5. Costa, R.F.D., Klein, C.W., Bernardes, A.M. and Ferreira, J.Z. (2002), "Evaluation of the electrodialysis process for the treatment of metal finishing wastewater", J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 13(4), 1-13.
  6. Delimi, S., Sandeaux, J., Dandeaux, R. and Gavach, C. (1995), "Properties of an anion exchange membrane in contact with aqueous solutions of sodium-chloride and sodium benzinecarboxylate or benzenesulfonate", J. Membr. Sci.,103(1), 83-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-7388(94)00310-U
  7. Ericsson, B, and Hallmmans, B. (1994), "Membrane applications in raw water treatment with and without reverse osmosis", Desalination, 99(1-3), 3-16
  8. Fuji Film (2014), Accessed on April 2014. www.fujifilmmembranes.com/brackish-water-desalination
  9. Fukumoto, Y. and Haga, K. (2004), "Advanced treatment of swine wastewater by electrodialysis with a tubular ion exchange membrane", Animal Sci. J., 75(5), 479-485. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-0929.2004.00216.x
  10. Future Directions (2014), Accessed on May 2014. food-and-water crises on page 1 www.futuredirections.org.au/publications/
  11. Goodman, N.B., Taylor, R.J., Xie, Z., Gozukara, Y. and Clements, A. (2013), "A feasibility study of municipal wastewater desalination using electrodialysis reversal to provide recycled water for horticultural irrigation", Desalination, 317, 77-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2013.02.010
  12. Industrial Wastewater Treatment System (2014), Accessed on April 2014. www.wastewatersystem.net/2009/11/wastewater-electrodialysis-membrane.html
  13. IRENA (2014), Accessed on March 2014. http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/IRENA-ETSAP%20Tech%20Brief%20I12%20 Water-Desalination.pdf
  14. Jiang, C., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z. and Xu, T. (2014), "Electrodialysis of concentrated brine from RO plant to produce coarse salt and freshwater", J. Membr. Sci., 450, 323-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2013.09.020
  15. Kikushi, K., Gotoh, T., Takahashi, H. and Higashino, S. (1995), "Separation of amino-acid by electrodialysis with ion exchange membrane", J. Chem. Eng. Japan, 28, 103-108. https://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.28.103
  16. Lawson, K.W. and Lioyd, D.R. (1997), "Membrane distillation", J. Membr. Sci., 124(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(96)00236-0
  17. Malek, P., Ortiz, J.M., Richards, B.S. and Schaefer, A.I. (2013), "Electrodialytic removal of NaCl from water: Impacts of using pulsed electric potential on ion transport and water dissociation phenomena", J. Membr. Sci., 435, 99-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2013.01.060
  18. Min, J.H. and Kim, H.S. (2012), "Effect of operating conditions on the treatment of brackish groundwater by electrodialysis", Desalination and Water treatment, 51(25-27) 5132-5137.
  19. Myint, M.T. and Ghassemi, A. (2012), "Electrodialysis reversal desalination: monographs for the design parameters" Desalination and Water treatment, 48(1-3), 106-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2012.698802
  20. Nair, M. and Kumar, D. (2012), "Water desalination and challenges: The Middle East perspective: a review", Desalination Water Treat., 51(10-12), 2030-2040.
  21. Isaka, M. (2012), "Water desalination using renewable energy: Technology brief", IEA-ETSAP and IRENA Brief I12, Mrach.
  22. Oritz, J.M., Sotoca, J.A., Exposito, E., Gallud, F., Garcia-Garcia, V., Montiel, V. and Aldaz, A. (2005), "Brackish water desalination by electrodialysis: Batch recirculation operation modelling", J. Membr. Sci., 252(1-2), 65-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2004.11.021
  23. Reahl, E.R. (2002), "Half a century of desalination with electrodialysis", Technical Paper no. TP1038EN 0603, GE Water & Process Technologies.
  24. Rodier, J. (1978), L'Analyse de l'Eau, Ed. Dunod, Bordas Paris.
  25. Sato, T., Kogure, M., Suzuki, T. and Ohya, H. (1995), "New practical disinfection method of drinking water by using electrodialysis system with ion exchange membrane. 2. Estimation of disinfection current densities and consumed electric power", Nippon Kagaku Kaishi, 2, 227-232.
  26. Strathmann, H. (2004), Ionexchange Membrane Separation Process, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  27. Strathmann, H. (2010), "Electrodialysis, amature technology with multitude of new applications", Desalination, 264(3), 268-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.04.069
  28. Sudoh, M., Minamoto, K., Ohashi, K. and Noda, K. (1992), "Transport properties of ion-exchange membrane prepared for producing hydrogen peroxide in acidic solution by electrodialysis of peroxide ions", J. Chem. Eng. Japan, 25(2), 170-176. https://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.25.170
  29. Trivedi, H.K. and Bhatt, D.V. (2011), "Renewable resources used for seawater desalination", Int. J. Adv. Eng. Res. Studies, 1, 35-41.
  30. Tsuneda, S., Saito, K., Mitsuhara, H. and Sugo, T. (1995), "Novel ion exchange membranes for electrodialysis prepared by radiation-induced graft-polymerization", J. Electrochem. Soc.,142(11), 3659-3663. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2048395
  31. Valero, F., Barcelo, A. and Arbos, R. (2011), Electrodialysis Technology: Theory and Applications, Desalination, Trends and Technologies, (Schorr, M. Ed.), Tech Publishers, Croatia.
  32. Wilf, M. and Klinko, K. (1994), "Performance of commercial seawater membranes", Desalination, 96(1-3), 465-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(94)85196-4
  33. Xue, Z., Hua, Z. and Yoa, N. (1992), "Application of electrodialysis in purification and reuse of spent alkaline process stream", Water Sci. Technol.,26(9-11), 2305-2308.
  34. Yangali-Quintanilla, V., Li, Z., Valladares, R., Li, Q. and Amy, G. (2011), "Indirect desalination of red Sea water with forward osmosis and low pressure reverse osmosis for water reuse", Desalination, 280(1-3), 160-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.06.066

피인용 문헌

  1. 비수용성 용매를 이용한 탈염화 가능한가?: 적용 가능한 용매선정 기법 제안 vol.36, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.15681/kswe.2020.36.1.48