Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
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Comparison of pH, Water Holding Capacity and Color among Meats from Korean Native Chickens

  • Jung, Samooel (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Joo (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Hyun Jung (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Seo, Dong Won (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Jun Heon (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, Hee Bok (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Jo, Cheorun (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Nam, Ki Chang (Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University)
  • Received : 2015.01.30
  • Accepted : 2015.03.20
  • Published : 2015.06.19
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Abstract

This study investigated the initial pH measured at 15 min post-mortem, ultimate pH, water holding capacity (WHC), and color of meats obtained from five lines of Korean native chicken (KNC) for the development of breed for high-quality meat. In addition, the effect of sex was examined. In total, 595 $F_1$ progeny (Black [B], Grey-Brown [G], Red-Brown [R], White [W] and Yellow-Brown [Y]) from 70 full-sib families were used. Chickens were slaughtered at 20 wk of age and the measurement traits of all breast and thigh meats from 595 chickens were analyzed. The initial pH at 15 min post-slaughter of the breast and thigh meats was affected by the line and sex of Korean native chicken (P<0.05). However, there was no line and sex effect on ultimate pH and WHC of the breast and thigh meat except that the ultimate pH of thigh meat had line effect. Except for the $L^*$ value of breast meat, the meat color was significantly affected by line and sex (P<0.05). The ultimate pH showed consistently negative correlation with the $L^*$ value and positive correlation with the $a^*$ value in breast and thigh meats. Based on the results, we concluded that the line W in male chickens and the line G and W in female chickens may be good candidates for the selection to develop breed for high-quality meat because these lines showed property of high initial pH or/and ultimate pH.

재래닭고기는 broiler 닭고기와 비교하여 단백질 함량은 높고, 지방 함량은 낮을 뿐만 아니라, 독특한 풍미 및 조직 감으로 인해 고품질 식육자원으로 여겨지고 있다. 게다가 최근 고유 유전자원 확보 및 유전자원의 다양성이 요구되고 있고, 고품질 식육에 대한 소비자의 요구가 증가함에 따라 재래닭을 이용한 새로운 고급 육질형 종계의 생산이 시도되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 깃털색에 따라 흑색, 회갈색, 적갈색, 백색 및 황갈색으로 분류되어 있는 한국 재래닭 5계통 닭고기의 품질 특성을 측정 비교하여 고급 육질형 종계 생산을 위한 선발 및 개량 육종 계획에 필요한 정보를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구 수행을 위해 한국 재래닭 5계통의 총 595 $F_1$ 개체를 20주령에 도계하였으며, 닭고기 품질 특성으로써 가슴육과 다리육의 도계 후 15분 pH, 최종 pH, 보수력 및 육색을 측정하여 5계통 간 차이를 비교하였고, 성별에 따른 차이 또한 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 가슴육과 다리육의 도계 후 15분 pH는 계통 및 성별 간에 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). 하지만 가슴육과 다리육의 최종 pH 및 보수력 측정 결과, 다리육에서 계통 간에 최종 pH가 차이가 있었던 것을 제외하고는 계통 및 성별 간에 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다(P>0.05). 육색 비교에서는 가슴육 $L^*$ 값을 제외하고, 가슴육과 다리육의 육색이 계통 및 성별 간에 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다(P<0.05). 측정한 품질 특성 간 상관계수 측정 결과, 최종 pH가 $L^*$ 값과 부의 상관관계를, 그리고 $a^*$ 값과 정의 상관관계를 가슴육과 다리육 모두에서 일괄되게 보임이 확인되었다(P<0.05). 하지만 다른 품질 특성 간 상관관계는 가슴육과 다리육에서 일치하지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과, 계통간 도계 후 15분 pH 및 최종 pH 차이를 고려하였을 때 고급육질형 종계 생산을 위한 후보 계통으로서 수컷에서는 백색계통이 암컷에서는 회갈색 및 백색 계통이 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 하지만 추후 연구를 통해 재래닭고기의 도계 후 15분 pH, 최종 pH, 보수력 및 육색의 유전력 분석이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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