The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics

The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics (대한치과보철학회)
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Effect of laser-dimpled titanium surfaces on attachment of epithelial-like cells and fibroblasts

  • Lee, Dong-Woon (Department of Periodontology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center / Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Gu (Nano-Convergence Mechanical System Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Kim, Meyoung-Kon (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Ansari, Sahar (Division of Periodontology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California) ;
  • Moshaverinia, Alireza (Division of Biomedical Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California) ;
  • Choi, Seong-Ho (Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University) ;
  • Ryu, Jae-Jun (Department of Prosthodontics, College of Medicine, Korea University)
  • Received : 2014.07.28
  • Accepted : 2015.01.21
  • Published : 2015.04.30
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Abstract

PURPOSE. The objective of this study was to conduct an in vitro comparative evaluation of polished and laser-dimpled titanium (Ti) surfaces to determine whether either surface has an advantage in promoting the attachment of epithelial-like cells and fibroblast to Ti. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty-eight coin-shaped samples of commercially pure, grade 4 Ti plates were used in this study. These discs were cleaned to a surface roughness (Ra: roughness centerline average) of 180 nm by polishing and were divided into three groups: SM (n=16) had no dimples and served as the control, SM15 (n=16) had $5-{\mu}m$ dimples at $10-{\mu}m$ intervals, and SM30 (n=16) had $5-{\mu}m$ dimples at $25-{\mu}m$ intervals in a $2{\times}4mm^2$ area at the center of the disc. Human gingival squamous cell carcinoma cells (YD-38) and human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) were cultured and used in cell proliferation assays, adhesion assays, immunofluorescent staining of adhesion proteins, and morphological analysis by SEM. The data were analyzed statistically to determine the significance of differences. RESULTS. The adhesion strength of epithelial cells was higher on Ti surfaces with $5-{\mu}m$ laser dimples than on polished Ti surfaces, while the adhesion of fibroblasts was not significantly changed by laser treatment of implant surfaces. However, epithelial cells and fibroblasts around the laser dimples appeared larger and showed increased expression of adhesion proteins. CONCLUSION. These findings demonstrate that laser dimpling may contribute to improving the peri-implant soft tissue barrier. This study provided helpful information for developing the transmucosal surface of the abutment.

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References

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