Wind and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Improved modeling of equivalent static loads on wind turbine towers

  • Gong, Kuangmin (National Wind Institute, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas Tech University) ;
  • Chen, Xinzhong (National Wind Institute, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas Tech University)
  • Received : 2014.10.10
  • Accepted : 2015.02.07
  • Published : 2015.05.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study presents a dynamic response analysis of operational and parked wind turbines in order to gain better understanding of the roles of wind loads on turbine blades and tower in the generation of turbine response. The results show that the wind load on the tower has a negligible effect on the blade responses of both operational and parked turbines. Its effect on the tower response is also negligible for operational turbine, but is significant for parked turbine. The tower extreme responses due to the wind loads on blades and tower of parked turbine can be estimated separately and then combined for the estimation of total tower extreme response. In current wind turbine design practice, the tower extreme response due to the wind loads on blades is often represented as a static response under an equivalent static load in terms of a concentrated force and a moment at the tower top. This study presents an improved equivalent static load model with additional distributed inertial force on tower, and introduces the square-root-of-sum-square combination rule, which is shown to provide a better prediction of tower extreme response.

Keywords

References

  1. Blaise, N. and Denoel, V. (2013), "Principal static wind loads", J. Wind Eng., Ind. Aerod., 113, 29-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.12.009
  2. Chen, X. and Kareem, A. (2004), "Equivalent static wind loads on tall building: new model", J. Struct. Eng. - ASCE, 130(10), 1425-1435. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:10(1425)
  3. Chen, X. and Kareem, A. (2005), "Proper orthogonal decomposition-based modeling, analysis and simulation of wind loads and their effects", J. Eng. Mech. -ASCE, 131(4), 325-339. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2005)131:4(325)
  4. DNV and Riso. (2002), Guidelines for design of wind turbines, 2nd Ed., Denmark.
  5. Huang, G. and Chen, X. (2007), "Wind load effects and equivalent static wind loads of tall building based on synchronous pressure measurements", Eng. Struct., 29, 2641-2653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.01.011
  6. Holmes, J.D. (2002), "Effective static load distributions in wind engineering", J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerod., 90, 91-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(01)00164-7
  7. International Electrotechnical Commission (2005), Wind Turbines-Part 1: Design Requirement, IEC 61400-1 Edition 3, HIS, Geneva, Switzerland.
  8. Jonkman, J.M. and Buhl Jr, M.L. (2005), "FAST User's Guide", National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA, Report NREL/EL-500-38230.
  9. Jonkman, J.M., Butterfield, S., Musial, W. and Scott, G. (2009), "Definition of a 5-MW Reference Wind Turbine for Offshore System Development", National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA, Report NREL/TP-500-38060.
  10. Katsumura, A., Tamura, Y. and Nakamura, O. (2007), "Universal wind load distribution simultaneously reproducing largest load effects in all subject members on large-span cantilevered roof", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 95, 1145-1165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2007.01.020
  11. Li, Y.Q., Wang, L., Tamura, Y. and Shen, Z.Y. (2009), "Universal equivalent static wind load estimation for spatial structures based on wind-induced envelope responses", Symposium of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures, Valencia, Spain, September 28 - October 2.
  12. Moriarty, P.J. (2008), "Database for validation of design load extrapolation techniques", Wind Energy, 11(6), 559-576. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.305
  13. Moriarty, P.J. and Hansen A.C. (2005), "AeroDyn theory manual", NREL/TP-500-36881, Golden, Colorado.
  14. Murtagh, P.J., Basu, B. and Broderick, B.M. (2005), "Along-wind response of a wind turbine tower with blade coupling subjected to rotationally sampled wind loading", Eng. Struct., 27, 1209-1219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.03.004
  15. Shinozuka, M. and Deodatis, G. (1996), "Simulation of multidimensional Gaussian stochastic fields by spectral representation", Appl. Mech. Rev., 49(1), 29-53 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3101883
  16. Zhou, X., Gu, M. and Li, G. (2011), "Application research of constrained least-squares method in computing equivalent static wind loads", Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Wind Engineering, Amsterdam, Netherlands, July 10-15.

Cited by

  1. Buffeting response analysis of offshore wind turbines subjected to hurricanes vol.141, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.06.005
  2. Aero-elastic coupled numerical analysis of small wind turbine-generator modelling vol.23, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.23.6.577
  3. Along-wind buffeting responses of wind turbines subjected to hurricanes considering unsteady aerodynamics of the tower vol.138, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.02.023
  4. Nonlinear response history analysis and collapse mode study of a wind turbine tower subjected to tropical cyclonic winds vol.25, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2017.25.1.079
  5. Wind design spectra for generalisation vol.30, pp.2, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2020.30.2.155