Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
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Comparison of Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka) Based on Harvest Time

산지별 유자의 수확시기에 따른 플라보노이드 함량 및 항산화활성 비교

  • Moon, So Hyun (Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk university) ;
  • Assefa, Awraris Derbie (Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk university) ;
  • Ko, Eun Young (Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk university) ;
  • Park, Se Won (Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk university)
  • 문소현 (건국대학교 생명자원식품공학과) ;
  • 아와리스 (건국대학교 생명자원식품공학과) ;
  • 고은영 (건국대학교 생명자원식품공학과) ;
  • 박세원 (건국대학교 생명자원식품공학과)
  • Received : 2014.10.26
  • Accepted : 2014.12.03
  • Published : 2015.04.30
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of fruit quality, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of Yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka) from Go-heung and Jeju according to harvest time. Samples were harvested from August to December on the $1^{st}$ of every month. August and September samples were green colored, whereas November and December samples were yellow. The fruit shape index decreased, changing from globular to elliptical, whereas the $^{\circ}birx$ increased with ripening stage. The yuzu from Jeju was larger than that from Go-heung in each month of cultivation. August samples exhibited the highest amounts of phenolic compounds. In addition, samples from Jeju had higher total phenolic content than those from Go-heung. The content of phenolic compounds decreased with ripening until October and then increased subsequently. Antioxidant activity of the yuzu was evaluated by FRAP and DPPH methods. The antioxidant activity showed a similar trend as total phenolic content. Immature yuzu fruit was found to exhibit the highest amount of flavonoids such as naringin and hesperidin. November and December samples showed almost the same contents of flavonoids. The flavonoid content of yuzu fruit harvested from Jeju was higher than that from Go-heung. Overall, the samples harvested at the early stage, in the month of August, exhibited the highest flavonoid content, phenolic content and antioxidant activity. As the health benefits of these compounds has been demonstrated in various studies, the immature yuzu appears to be preferable for use as a raw material for formulation of pharmaceutical products as well as for functional food production after a proper in-vivo and in-vitro medical tests.

본 연구는 고흥과 제주도로부터 수확된 유자의 수확시기에 따른 과실의 품질 변화를 규명하고자 하였다. 8월부터 12월까지 매월 1일 수확된 유자 과실을 사용하여 유자의 크기, 중량, 과형지수, 당도, 수분함량등 외관적 특징과 총 페놀함량, 항산화 활성 그리고 감귤류의 대표 플라보노이드 성분인 나린진과 헤스페리딘의 함량을 각각 측정하였다. 고흥과 제주도로부터 수확된 과실의 외관적 특징을 비교할 때 8월 9월에 수확된 유자는 초록색을 띄며 수확시기가 지날수록 노란색으로 변하면서 성숙되었고 수확적기인 11월과 12월에는 진한 노란색을 띄었다. 제주도 유자가 고흥 유자에 비해 다소 크나 유의적인 차이는 크게 없었으며. 수확시기에 따른 구형지수는 점차 감소하여 구형에서 타원형으로 변하였고 당도는 증가하였다. 총 페놀화합물의 함량은 제주도 유자가 고흥 유자에 비해 다소 높은 함량을 보였으며, 8월에 수확한 어린숙기의 유자의 총 페놀화합물 함량은 수확적기인 11월, 12월 유자 보다 높은 수준의 함량을 보였으며 산지에 따라 10월까지 점차적으로 감소하다 다시 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 산지별, 수확시기에 따른 항산화 활성은 총 페놀화합물 함량과 비슷한 경향을 보였으며 8월 수확한 미숙 유자의 항산화 활성은 높은 수준의 활성을 보였으며 산지에 따라 10월과 11월까지 감소하다 다시 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 나린진과 헤스페리딘 함량 또한 제주도 유자가 고흥유자에 비해 다소 높은 함량을 보였으며 8월 수확한 미성숙과의 유자는 높은 수준의 함량을 보였으며 수확시기에 따라 현저하게 감소하였고 수확적기인 11월과 12월은 유의적인 차이 없이 거의 비슷한 함량을 보였다. 본 연구 결과로 보아, 미성숙과에서 식물체에 존재하는 많은 페놀성 물질과, 플라보노이드 성분을 다량 함유하며 강한 항산화 효과가 있어 다양한 생리활성을 기대할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 이를 다양하게 활용한다면 여러 질병의 예방 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

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