Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
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Vegetative Growth, Productivity, and Fruit Quality in Tall Spindle of 'Fuji'/M.9 Apple Trees

키큰방추형 '후지'/M.9 사과나무의 영양생장, 생산성 및 과실품질

  • Yang, Sang-Jin (Technology Services Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Sagong, Dong-Hoon (Department of Horticulture, Daegu University) ;
  • Yoon, Tae-Myung (Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Song, Yang-Yik (Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Moo-Yong (Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kweon, Hun-Joong (Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 양상진 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 기술지원과) ;
  • 사공동훈 (대구대학교 원예학과) ;
  • 윤태명 (경북대학교 원예과학과) ;
  • 송양익 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 사과연구소) ;
  • 박무용 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 사과연구소) ;
  • 권헌중 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 사과연구소)
  • Received : 2013.12.05
  • Accepted : 2014.07.03
  • Published : 2015.04.30
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Abstract

Well-feathered (over 10 feathers) 'Fuji'/M.9 apple trees were planted at $3.0{\times}1.0m$ and trained to slender spindle with 2.5 m height or to tall spindle with 3.5 m height, and the vegetative growth, productivity, and fruit quality of two training systems were compared for 8 years. The canopy volume of the tall spindle trees surpassed that of the slender spindle trees 4 years after planting and was 25% larger than that of the slender spindle trees 5 years after planting. The accumulated yield over 8 years for the tall spindle system was 14% higher than that of the slender spindle system. Alternate bearing and incidence of marssonina blotch were observed in both treatments after 5 years of planting. There was often vegetative imbalance in the trees however, the degree of yield loss and vegetative imbalance of the tall spindle trees was lower than those of the slender spindle trees. Soluble solid content and fruit red color of the tall spindle trees were higher than that of the slender spindle trees in 5 year after planting, resulting from increased light penetration in the canopy due to even distribution of lateral branches and from fruit bearing in different height locations of the trees. In conclusion, increasing the tree height to about 3.5 m using slender spindle 'Fuji'/M.9 apple trees planted with over 333 trees per 10a led to better light penetration, yield and fruit quality compared to a conventional wide training system with the slender spindle.

우량 측지묘(측지수 : 10개 이상)를 $3.0{\times}1.0m$ 거리로 심고 수고를 2.5m 정도로 한 세장방추형과 수고를 3.5m로 높인 키큰방추형으로 키우면서 8년간 수체생장, 생산성 및 과실품질을 비교하였다. 재식 4년차에 키큰방추형의 수관용적이 세장방추형보다 커지기 시작하여 5년차에는 주당 수관용적이 키큰방추형은 세장방추형에 비해 25% 정도 더 컸다. 8년 동안의 10a당 누적수량은 키큰방추형이 세장방추형에 비해 14% 정도 증수되었다. 더군다나 재식 5년차 이후로 두 시험구 모두 해거리 및 갈색무늬병이 발생하여, 수세가 종종 불안정하였는데, 키큰방추형의 생산량 감소 및 수세 불안정 정도는 세장방추형보다 덜하였다. 가용성고형물 함량과 착색은 재식 5년차에 키큰방추형이 세장방추형보다 증가하였는데, 이는 키큰방추형의 측지 및 착과가 세장방추형보다 균일하게 배치되면서 수관 내 광투과율이 증가되었기 때문으로 생각되었다. 결론적으로 국내에서 '후지'/M.9 사과나무를 333주/10a 이상으로 재식할 경우 세장방추형의 수고를 3.5m로 높이는 것이 광투과율, 생산량 및 과실품질 측면에서 관행의 세장방추형보다 나을 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

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