Advances in concrete construction

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Bridge widening with composite steel-concrete girders: application and analysis of live load distribution

  • Yang, Yue (Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University) ;
  • Zhang, Xiaoguang (Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University) ;
  • Fan, Jiansheng (Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University) ;
  • Bai, Yu (Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University)
  • Received : 2015.07.03
  • Accepted : 2016.01.29
  • Published : 2015.12.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A bridge widening technology using steel-concrete composite system was developed and is presented in this paper. The widened superstructure system consists of a newly built composite steel-concrete girder with concrete deck and steel diaphragms attached to the existing concrete girders. This method has been applied in several bridge widening projects in China, and one of those projects is presented in detail. Due to the higher stiffness-to-weight ratio and the rapid erection of composite girders, this widening method reveals benefits in both mechanical performance and construction. As only a few methods for the design of bridges with different types of girders are recommended in current design codes, a more accurate analytical method of estimating live load distribution on girder bridges was developed. In the analytical model, the effects of span length, girder pacing, diaphragms, concrete decks were considered, as well as the torsional and flexural stiffness of both composite box girders and concrete T girders. The study shows that the AASHTO LRFD specification procedures and the analytical models proposed in this paper closely approximate the live load distribution factors determined by finite element analysis. A parametric study was also conducted using the finite element method to evaluate the potential load carrying capacities of the existing concrete girders after widening.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Natural Science Foundation of China

References

  1. ASTM C 469 (2002), Standard test method for static modulus of elasticity and Poission's ratio Concrete in Compression, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Pennsylvania, USA.
  2. Berndt, M.L. (2009), "Properties of sustainable concrete containing fly ash, slag and recycled concrete aggregate", Constr. Build. Mater., 23(9), 2609-2613.
  3. Berra, M., Carassiti, F., Mangialardi, T., Paolini, A.E. and Sebastiani, M. (2012), "Effects of nanosilica addition on workability and compressive strength of Portland cement pastes", Constr. Build. Mater., 35, 666-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.132
  4. Chang, C.Y., Huang, R., Lee, P.C. and Weng, T.L. (2011), "Application of a weighted Grey Taguchi method for optimizing recycled aggregate concrete mixture", Cem. Concr. Comp., 33(10), 1038-1049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.06.005
  5. Coelho, A. and de Brito, J. (2011), "Distribution of materials in construction and demolition waste in Portugal", Waste Manage Res., 29(8), 843-853. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X10370240
  6. De Juan,M.S. and Gutierrez, P.A. (2009), "Study on the influence of attached mortar content on the properties of recycled concrete aggregate", Constr. Build. Mater., 23(2), 872-877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.04.012
  7. Del Rio Merino, M., Gracia, P.I. and Azevedo, I.S.W. (2010), "Sustainable construction: construction and demolition waste reconsidered", Waste Manage Res., 28(2), 118-129. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X09103841
  8. Elhakam, A.A., Mohamed, A.E. and Awad, E. (2012), "Influence of self-healing, mixing method and adding silica fume on mechanical properties of recycled aggregates concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 35, 421-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.013
  9. Hao, J.L., Hills, M.J. and Tam, V.W. (2008), "The effectiveness of Hong Kong's construction waste disposal charging scheme", Waste Mange Res., 26(6), 553-558. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X07085345
  10. Hosseini, P., Booshehrian A. and Madari, A. (2011), Developing concrete recycling strategies by utilization of nano-SiO2 Particles, Waste Biomass Valor., 2(3), 347-355. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-011-9071-9
  11. IS 1331 (1992), Indian Standard Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete-Method of Test: Part 1 Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
  12. IS 1331 (1992), Indian Standard Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete-Method of Test: Part 2 Rebound Hammer, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
  13. IS 2386 (1963), Methods of Test for Aggregates for Concrete, Bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi, India.
  14. IS 383 (1970), Specification for Coarse and Fine Aggregates, Bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi, India.
  15. IS 5816 (1999), Indian Standard Splitting Tensile Strength of Concrete-Method of Test, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
  16. Limbachiya, M., Meddah, M.S. and Ouchagour, Y. (2012), "Use of recycled concrete aggregate in fly-ash concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 27(1), 439-449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.07.023
  17. Lin, K.L.,Wu, H.H., Shie, J.L., Hwang, C.L. and Cheng, A. (2010), "Recycling waste brick from construction and demolition of buildings as pozzolanic materials", Waste Manage Res., 28(7), 653-659. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X09358735
  18. Lin, Y.H., Tyan, Y.Y., Chang, T.P. and Chang, C.Y. (2004), "An assessment of optimal mixture for concrete made with recycled concrete aggregates", Cem. Concr. Res., 34(8), 1373-1380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2003.12.032
  19. Minitab v16 (2010), Minitab Inc.
  20. Montgomery, D.C. (2012), Design and Analysis of Experiment, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, USA.
  21. Mukharjee, B.B. and Barai, S.V. (2014), "Influence of nano-silica on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 55, 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.003
  22. Neville, A.M. (2012), Properties of Concrete, Pearson Education India, New Delhi, India.
  23. Olivia, M. and Nikraz, H. (2012), "Properties of fly ash geopolymer concrete designed by Taguchi method", Mater. Des., 36, 191-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.10.036
  24. Ozbay, E., Oztas, A., Baykasoglu, A. and Ozbebek, H. (2009), "Investigating mix proportions of high strength self compacting concrete by using Taguchi method", Constr. Build. Mater., 23(2), 694-702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.02.014
  25. Pacheco-Torgal, F., Miraldo, S., Ding, Y. and Labrincha, J.A. (2013), "Targeting HPC with the help of nanoparticles: An overview", Constr. Build. Mater., 38, 365-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.08.013
  26. Poon, C.S., Kou, S.C. and Lam, L. (2002), "Use of recycled aggregates in molded concrete bricks and blocks", Constr. Build. Mater., 16(5), 281-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00019-3
  27. Qing, Y., Zenan, Z., Deyu, K. and Rongshen, C. (2007), "Influence of nano-silica addition on properties of hardened cement paste as compared with silica fume", Constr. Build. Mater., 21(3), 539-545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.09.001
  28. Rakshvir, M. and Barai, S.V. (2006), "Studies on recycled aggregates-based concrete", Waste Manage Res., 24(3), 225-233. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X06064820
  29. Rao, M., Bhattacharya, S.K. and Barai, S.V. (2009), "Influence of field recycled coarse aggregate on properties of concrete", Mater. Struct., 44(1), 1163-1167.
  30. Roy, R.K. (2001), Design of Experiments Using the TAGUCHI Approach: 16 Steps to Product and Process, John wiley and sons Inc., New York, USA.
  31. Said, A.M., Zeidan, M.S., Bassuoni, M.T. and Tian, Y. (2012), "Properties of concrete incorporating nano-silica", Constr. Build. Mater., 36, 838-844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.044
  32. Tam, V.W. and Tam, C.M. (2009), "Parameters for assessing recycled aggregate and their correlation", Waste Manage Res., 27(1), 52-58. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X07079875
  33. Tam, V.W., Kotrayothar, D. and Loo, Y.C. (2009), "On the prevailing construction waste recycling practices: a South East Queensland study", Waste Manage Res., 27(2), 167-174. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X08091864
  34. Turkmen, I., Gul, R. and Celik, C. (2008), "A Taguchi approach for investigation of some physical properties of concrete produced from mineral admixtures", Build. Envir., 43(6), 1127-1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.02.005

Cited by

  1. Technological development and engineering applications of novel steel-concrete composite structures vol.13, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-019-0514-x