Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Assessment of the Heavy Metal Contamination in Paddy Soils Below Part of the Closed Metalliferous Mine

폐금속광산 하류 논토양의 중금속 오염도 평가

  • Kim, Min-Kyeong (National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development of Administration) ;
  • Hong, Sung-Chang (National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development of Administration) ;
  • Kim, Myung-Hyun (National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development of Administration) ;
  • Choi, Soon-Kun (National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development of Administration) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Sik (National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development of Administration) ;
  • So, Kyu-Ho (National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development of Administration) ;
  • Jung, Goo-Bok (National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development of Administration)
  • 김민경 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 홍성창 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김명현 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 최순군 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 이종식 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 소규호 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 정구복 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원)
  • Received : 2015.01.20
  • Accepted : 2015.03.06
  • Published : 2015.03.31
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most of the tailings have been left without any management in abandoned metalliferous mines and have become the main source of heavy metal contamination for agricultural soils and crops in the these areas. METHODS AND RESULTS: This experiment was carried out to investigate the assessment of the heavy metal contamination in paddy soils located on downstream of the closed metalliferous mine. The average total concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) in paddy soils were 8.88, 56.7, 809, 754, and 37.9 mg/kg, respectively. Specially, the average concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn were higher than those of warning criteria for soil contamination(4 mg/kg for Cd, 200 mg/kg for Pb, and 300 mg/kg for Zn) in agricultural soil established by Soil Environmental Conservation Act in Korea. The proportions of 0.1 M HCl extractable Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As concentration to total concentration of these heavy metals in paddy soils were 27.7, 21.3, 35.1, 13.8 and 10.5%, respectively. The pollution index of these five metals in paddy soils ranged from 0.42 to 11.92. Also, the enrichment factor (EFc) of heavy metals in paddy soils were in the order as Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>As, and the enrichment factor in paddy soil varied considerably among the sampling sites. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) of heavy metals in soils were in the order as Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>As, specially, the average geoaccumulation index of Cd, Pb, and Zn (Igeo 2.49~3.10) were relatively higher than that of other metals in paddy soils. CONCLUSION: Based on the pollution index, enrichment factor, and geoaccumulation index for heavy metal in paddy soils located on downstream of closed metalliferous mine, the main contaminants are mine waste materials and mine drainage including mine activity.

폐금속광산 주변 토양의 중금속 오염특성을 평가하기 위하여 광산 하류에 위치한 논토양을 대상으로 중금속 오염지수, 부화계수 및 지화학적 농축계수를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 광산 하류 논토양의 중금속 전함량 평균치는 Cd 8.88, Cu 56.7, Pb 809, Zn 754 및 As 37.9 mg/kg이었고, 중금속 중에서 Cd, Pb 및 Zn 평균함량은 우리나라 농경지의 토양오염 우려기준(Cd 4, Pb 200, Zn 300 mg/kg)을 초과하였다. 토양의 전함량에 대한 0.1M HCl 침출성의 함량비율은 Pb 35.1, Cd 27.7, Cu 21.3, Zn 13.8 및 As 10.5% (1M HCl) 순으로 나타났다. 토양 내 중금속의 오염지수 평균치는 3.21, 범위는 0.42~11.92로 나타나 심하게 오염된 상태임을 알수 있었다. 토양의 중금속별 부화계수(EFc) 평균 값은 Cd>Pb>Zn>As>Cu 순으로 높았고, 채취 지점간 편차가 큰 것을 알수 있었다. 토양 중금속별 지화학적 농축계수(Igeo) 평균치는 Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>As 순으로 높았으며, 특히 Cd, Pb 및 Zn의 Igeo 평균 값이 각각 3.10, 2.64, 2.49로 나타나 다른 성분보다 상대적으로 높게 나타났다.

Keywords

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