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A Study on Advanced Geoscientific Research Activities Related to the Korean Peninsula by Foreign Geologists Prior to 1945

해방이전 외국인에 의한 서구식 한반도 지질광상조사 성과고찰연구

  • Kim, Seong-Yong (Policy Research Division, Korea Institute Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM)) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Wook (Policy Research Division, Korea Institute Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM))
  • 김성용 (한국지질자원연구원 미래정책연구실) ;
  • 이재욱 (한국지질자원연구원 미래정책연구실)
  • Received : 2014.12.09
  • Accepted : 2015.01.19
  • Published : 2015.02.28

Abstract

Advanced geological surveys and exploration activities were first carried out in Korea in 1884 in accordance with a treaty of friendship and commerce between Great Britain and Korea and a treaty of friendship and commerce between Germany and Korea. The first paper by Gottsche, C. was also published in a German Journal in 1886. Efforts toward independent acquisition of Western geological survey and exploration technology were actively promoted by the Korean Empire in the early 1900s, but were frustrated by the Japanese Empire. Systematic geological surveys and exploration were conducted in Korea by Japanese geologists during the Japanese occupation. A basic geological maps(61sheets), a bulletin on the geological survey of Korea, a bulletin and technical report on deposits in Korea, and a coalfield geological survey report were published during this period. Overall, the intentions under lying the geological surveys and exploration activities by foreigners in Korea prior to the Japanese occupation were questionable. However, the results of these surveys and explorations themselves can be evaluated as positive in terms of academic performance.

우리나라에서 최초의 서구식 지질자원 조사 탐사활동은 한-독 및 한-영 통상수호조약에 따라 1884년도에 본격적으로 실시되었다. 이를 토대로 최초의 논문도 Gottsche에 의해 1886년도에 독일에서 게재되었다. 1900년대 초에는 대한제국의 독자적인 서구식 지질자원기술 확보 및 조사 탐사활동의 노력도 있었으나 불행하게도 일제에 의해 좌절되었다. 일제강점기에 일본인에 의해 전국토를 대상으로 체계적인 지질자원 조사가 실시되었고, 이 시기에 기본지질도 61매 작성과 지질조사요보, 광상조사보고 및 요보, 탄전조사보고 등이 발간되었다. 결론적으로 개화기로부터 일제강점기까지의 외국인에 의한 우리나라 국토에서 수행된 서구식 지질자원 조사 탐사활동의 의도는 순수하지 않았으나 조사 탐사 결과 그 자체만 판단한다면, 학술적 성과는 매우 크다고 할 수 있다.

Keywords

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Cited by

  1. Emergence and development history of modern geology and mining research authorities on the Korean Peninsula vol.53, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.14770/jgsk.2017.53.6.819
  2. Performance Review of the Geological Research in Korean Peninsula by Japanese Geologist Tateiwa Iwao during the Japanese Occupation vol.48, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2015.48.5.401