Genomics & Informatics

Korea Genome Organization (한국유전체학회)
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A Novel Type of Non-coding RNA, nc886, Implicated in Tumor Sensing and Suppression

  • Lee, Yong Sun (Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch)
  • Received : 2015.05.13
  • Accepted : 2015.06.01
  • Published : 2015.06.30
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Abstract

nc886 (=vtRNA2-1, pre-miR-886, or CBL3) is a newly identified non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that represses the activity of protein kinase R (PKR). nc886 is transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol III) and is intriguingly the first case of a Pol III gene whose expression is silenced by CpG DNA hypermethylation in several types of cancer. PKR is a sensor protein that recognizes evading viruses and induces apoptosis to eliminate infected cells. Like viral infection, nc886 silencing activates PKR and induces apoptosis. Thus, the significance of the nc886:PKR pathway in cancer is to sense and eliminate pre-malignant cells, which is analogous to PKR's role in cellular innate immunity. Beyond this tumor sensing role, nc886 plays a putative tumor suppressor role as supported by experimental evidence. Collectively, nc886 provides a novel example how epigenetic silencing of a ncRNA contributes to tumorigenesis by controlling the activity of its protein ligand.

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References

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