DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Retrospective Study of Mortality Rates and Prognostic Indicators of Equine Colic in Korea

한국에서 산통마의 치명률과 예후인자의 회귀적 분석

  • Lee, Eun-Bee (College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Kim, Joon-Gyu (Jeju Studfarm, Korea Racing Authority) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Kap (Equine Hospital of Korea Racing Authority) ;
  • Jang, Jong-Duck (Equine Hospital of Korea Racing Authority) ;
  • Yun, Young-Min (College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Lee, Kyoung-Kap (College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University)
  • 이은비 (제주대학교 수의과대학, 수의과학연구소) ;
  • 김준규 (한국마사회 제주육성마목장) ;
  • 김진갑 (한국마사회 동물병원) ;
  • 장종덕 (한국마사회 동물병원) ;
  • 윤영민 (제주대학교 수의과대학, 수의과학연구소) ;
  • 이경갑 (제주대학교 수의과대학, 수의과학연구소)
  • Accepted : 2015.01.28
  • Published : 2015.02.28

Abstract

Equine colic is a major concern in equine industry due to high morbidity and mortality rates. The purpose of this study was to establish mortality rates during medically and surgically treated colic and to identify potential prognostic indicators for mortality of equine colic in Korea. The overall mortality rate was 18/119 (15%). The 93 cases (78%) were treated medically and 26 cases (22%) surgically out of the 119 records reviewed. The mortality rate in small intestinal lesion was 7/9 (78%) and strangulating lesion was 10/11 (91%). The significance between individual factors and prognosis of equine colic was not valid but high frequency rate was found in ${\leq}3$ years age (59%) and male (50%). In dead group showed higher, rectal temperature and heart rate than those of survived group. The mortality rate was significantly high in the pale mucous membrane color and severe pain and decreased intestinal motility. In laboratory factors, dead group showed lower level of platelet than survived group, and had higher values of RBC, hemoglobin, PCV with significance (P < 0.05). Group with increased enzyme activity of CK, LDH, glucose showed poor prognosis.

산통은 이환률과 치명률이 높아 말 산업에 가장 우려되는 질병이다. 많은 나라에는 산통마의 내과적, 외과적 치료에 따른 치명률과 예후인자 평가를 위한 연구 결과가 있지만 한국에서는 산통의 예후 판단을 위한 객관적 연구가 이루어지지 않았다. 본 논문에서 한국 산통마의 치명률을 확인하고, 잠재적 예후 인자들을 평가를 하고자 하였다. 2011년 1월부터 2013년 12월까지 한국마사회에 내원한 119마리의 산통마를 대상으로 조사하였다. 유의성을 평가하기 위하여 카이제곱검정, T-test와 Mann-Whitney test를 사용하였다. 그 결과, 전체 치명률은 15%였으며 내원한 산통마 중 78%가 내과적 치료를 받았다. 개체적 인자인 성별, 나이, 내원 시기는 예후와 유의성은 없었으나 3세 이하 (59%)의 수컷 (50%)에서 발생률이 높았다. 탈수의 대표적 지표인 구강점막의 색깔과 PCV는 생존집단과 폐사집단사이에 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 그 외 신체적 인자인 심박수, 장운동성 그리고 직장온도도 예후와 유의적으로 관련이 있었다. 임상병리인자 중에는 적혈구수, 혈색소농도, 충진세포용적, 혈소판수, 크레아틴키나아제(CK), 젖산탈수소효소(LDH), 혈당치가 산통의 예후인자로서 통계적으로 유의성이 있음을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Blikslager AT, Roberts MC. Accuracy of clinicians in predicting site and type of lesion as well as outcome in horses with colic. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995; 207: 1444-1447.
  2. Bristol DG. The anion gap as a prognostic indicator in horses with abdominal pain. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1982; 181: 63-65.
  3. Christophersen T, Nana D, Kristina S. Short-term survival and mortality rates in a retrospective study of colic in 1588 Danish horses. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2014; 56: 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-56-20
  4. Dallap B, Dolente B, Boston R. Coagulation profiles in 27 horses with large colon volvulus. Proceedings of the 11th Annual Veterinary Meeting of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons. Chicago; 2004: 4
  5. Dukti S, White NA. Prognosticating equine colic. Vet Clin Equine 2009; 217-231.
  6. Delesalle C, Dewulf J, Lefebvre RA. Use of plasma ionized calcium levels and ionized calcium substitution response patterns as prognostic parameters for ileus and survival in colic horses. Vet Q 2005; 27: 157-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2002.9695197
  7. Hollis AR, Boston RC, Corley KT. Blood glucose in horses with acute abdominal disease. J Vet Intern Med 2007; 21: 1099-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.tb03070.x
  8. Johnson A, Keller H. Results of treatments of 1,431 colic horses with special regard to 285 surgically treated horses from 1990 to 1997 at the Clinic for horses, General surgery and Radiology of the Freie Universitat Berlin. Pferdeheilkunde. 2005; 21: 427-438. https://doi.org/10.21836/PEM20050506
  9. Kaneene JB, Miller R, Ross WA, Gallagher K, Marteniuk J, Rook J. Risk factors for colic in the Michigan (USA) equine population. Prev Vet Med 1997; 30: 23-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5877(96)01102-6
  10. Mair TS, Smith LJ, Sherlock CE. Evidence-based gastrointestinal surgery in horses. Vet Clin North Am 2007; 23: 267-292.
  11. Monreal L, Angles A, Espada Y, Monasterio J, Monreal M. Hypercoagulation and Hypofibrinolysis in horses with colic and DIC. Equine Vet J Suppl 2000; 32: 19-25. https://doi.org/10.2746/042516400777612062
  12. Reeves MJ, Curtis CR, Salman MD. A multivariable prognostic model for equine colic patients. Prev Vet Med 1990; 9: 241-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-5877(90)90070-X
  13. Salomao CR, Fernandes WR, Belli CB, Baccarin RY, Correia LC, Valle AL, Leiria PA. Creatine kinase: Prognostic value in horse colic. Abraveq 2012; 162.
  14. Southwood LL, FehrJ. Practical guide to equine colic. Wiley-Blackwell. 2012; 80-85.
  15. Sutton GA, Ertzman-Ginsburg R, Steinman A, Milgram J. Initial investigation of mortality rates and prognostic indicators in horses with colic in Israel: A retrospective study. Equine Vet J 2009; 41: 482-486. https://doi.org/10.2746/042516409X391060
  16. Thoefner MB, Ersboll AK, Hesselholt M. Prognostic indicators in the Danish hospital-based population of colic horses. Equine Vet J Suppl 2000; 32: 11-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2000.tb05328.x
  17. Tinker MK, White NA, Lessard P. Prospective study of equine colic incidence and mortality. Equine Vet J 1997; 29: 448-458. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb03157.x
  18. White NA. The Equine Acute Abdomen, Jackson: Tenton NewMedia. 1990; 50-64.