Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering

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Fibrin affects short-term in vitro human mesenchymal stromal cell responses to magneto-active fibre networks

  • Spear, Rose L. (Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge) ;
  • Symeonidou, Antonia (Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge) ;
  • Skepper, Jeremy N. (Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge) ;
  • Brooks, Roger A. (Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital) ;
  • Markaki, Athina E. (Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge)
  • Received : 2015.06.18
  • Accepted : 2015.09.14
  • Published : 2015.09.25
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Abstract

Successful integration of cementless femoral stems using porous surfaces relies on effective periimplant bone healing to secure the bone-implant interface. The initial stages of the healing process involve protein adsorption, fibrin clot formation and cell osteoconduction onto the implant surface. Modelling this process in vitro, the current work considered the effect of fibrin deposition on the responses of human mesenchymal stromal cells cultured on ferritic fibre networks intended for magneto-mechanical actuation of in-growing bone tissue. The underlying hypothesis for the study was that fibrin deposition would support early stromal cell attachment and physiological functions within the optimal regions for strain transmission to the cells in the fibre networks. Highly porous fibre networks composed of 444 ferritic stainless steel were selected due to their ability to support human osteoblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells without inducing untoward inflammatory responses in vitro. Cell attachment, proliferation, metabolic activity, differentiation and penetration into the ferritic fibre networks were examined for one week. For all fibrin-containing samples, cells were observed on and between the metal fibres, supported by the deposited fibrin, while cells on fibrin-free fibre networks (control surface) attached only onto fibre surfaces and junctions. Initial cell attachment, measured by analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid, increased significantly with increasing fibrinogen concentration within the physiological range. Despite higher cell numbers on fibrin-containing samples, similar metabolic activities to control surfaces were observed, which significantly increased for all samples over the duration of the study. It is concluded that fibrin deposition can support the early attachment of viable mesenchymal stromal cells within the inter-fibre spaces of fibre networks intended for magneto-mechanical strain transduction to in-growing cells.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : European Research Council, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)

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