Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Asymmetries in Chickens from Lines Selected and Relaxed for High or Low Antibody Titers to Sheep Red Blood Cells

  • Tu, Yunjie (Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Siegel, P.B. (Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)
  • Received : 2014.06.03
  • Accepted : 2014.09.04
  • Published : 2015.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Wattle length, width, and area were measured to classify bilateral asymmetries in four lines of chickens. The lines were the S26 generation of White Leghorns selected for high (HAS) or low (LAS) response to sheep red blood cells and sublines in which selection had been relaxed for three generations (high antibody relaxed [HAR] and low antibody relaxed [LAR]). Antibody titers (AB) were greater for HAS than for HAR with both greater than for LAS and LAR which while different for males did not differ for females. The low antibody lines were heavier and reached sexual maturity at younger age than the high antibody lines. In general, wattle length, width, and area were greater in the low than high antibody lines. In 24 comparisons for bilaterality 18 exhibited fluctuating asymmetry and 6 exhibited directional asymmetry with 5 of the 6 being for wattle length. There was not a clear pattern for changes in degree of asymmetry when selection was relaxed for 3 generations. For females, the relative asymmetry (RA) of wattle area was larger ($p{\leq}0.05$) for HAR than for LAR and not different from the selected lines and relaxed lines. There were no differences among lines for RA of wattle length and width of females and wattle length, width, and area of males.

Keywords

References

  1. Buijs, S., E. Van Poucke, S. Van Dongen, L. Lens, J. Baert, and F. A. M. Tuyttens. 2012. The influence of stocking density on broiler chicken bone quality and fluctuating asymmetry. Poult. Sci. 91:1759-1767. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2011-01859
  2. Campo, J. L., M. G. Gil, S. G. Davila, and I. Munoz. 2005. Estimation of heritability for fluctuating asymmetry in chickens by restricted maximum likelihood. Effects of age and sex. Poult. Sci. 84:1689-1697. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/84.11.1689
  3. Campo, J. L., M. G. Gil, S. G. Davila, and I. Munoz. 2007. Genetic and phenotypic correlation between fluctuating asymmetry and two measurements of fear and stress in chickens. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 102:53-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2006.03.001
  4. Campo, J. L., S. G. Davila, M. T. Prieto, and M. G. Gil. 2012. Associations among fluctuating asymmetry, tonic immobility duration, and flight distance or ease of capture in chickens. Poult. Sci. 91:1575-1581. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02196
  5. Kuehn, L. A., S. E. Price, C. F. Honaker, and P. B. Siegel. 2006. Antibody response of chickens to sheep red blood cells: Crosses among divergently selected lines and relaxed sublines. Poult. Sci. 85:1338-1341. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/85.8.1338
  6. Moller, A. P., G. S. Sanotra, and K. S. Vestergaard. 1995. Developmental stability in relation to population density and breed of chickens gallus gallus. Poult. Sci. 74:1761-1771. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0741761
  7. Moller, A. P. 1997. Developmental stability and fitness: A review. Am. Nat. 149:916-932. https://doi.org/10.1086/286030
  8. Moller, A. P. 1999. Developmental stability is related to fitness. Am. Nat. 153:556-560. https://doi.org/10.1086/303197
  9. Moller, A. P. and R. Thornhill. 1997. A meta-analysis of the heritability of developmental stability. J. Evol. Biol. 10:1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s000360050001
  10. Moller, A. P. and J. P. Swaddle. 1997. Asymmetry, Developmental Stability, and Evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
  11. Parsons, P. A. 1992. Fluctuating asymmetry: A biological monitor of environmental and genomic stress. Heredity 68:361-364. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1992.51
  12. Pinard-van der Laan, M.-H., P. Siegel, and S. Lamont. 1998. Lessons from selection experiments on immune response in the chicken. Poult. Avian Biol. Rev. 9:125-141.
  13. Prieto, M. T., J. L. Campo, and J. Santiago-Moreno. 2011. Relationship among fluctuating asymmetry, morphological traits, and sperm quality in layers. Poult. Sci. 90:2845-2854. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2011-01648
  14. Rauw, W. M. 2009. Resource Allocation Theory Applied to Farm Animal Production. CABI, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  15. Thornhill, R. and A. P. Moller. 1997. Developmental stability, disease and medicine. Biol. Rev. Camb. Pilos. Soc. 72:497-548. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0006323197005082
  16. Van Valen, L. 1962. A study of fluctuating asymmetry. Evolution 16:125-142. https://doi.org/10.2307/2406192
  17. Verhulst, S., S. J. Dieleman, and H. K. Parmentier. 1999. A tradeoff between immunocompetence and sexual ornamentation in domestic fowl. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96:4478-4481. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.8.4478
  18. Yang, A., E. A. Dunnington, and P. B. Siegel. 1997. Developmental stability in stocks of White Leghorn chickens. Poult. Sci. 76:1632-1636. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/76.12.1632
  19. Yang, A. and P. B. Siegel. 1998. Asymmetries and heterosis of bilateral traits in parental lines of chickens and their $F_1$ crosses. J. Anim. Breed. Genet. 115:105-111. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0388.1998.tb00333.x
  20. Zhao, X. L., C. F. Honaker, and P. B. Siegel. 2012. Phenotypic responses of chickens to long-term selection for high or low antibody titers to sheep red blood cells. Poult. Sci. 91:1047-1056. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2011-01892