Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogens in the Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) from Jeonbuk Province, Korea

  • Seong, Giyong (College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Han, Yu-Jung (College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Oh, Sung-Suck (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Chae, Joon-Seok (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yu, Do-Hyeon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Jinho (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Park, Bae-Keun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Yoo, Jae-Gyu (Laboratory of Veterinary Clinics, National Institute of Animal Science Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Kyoung-Seong (College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2015.06.01
  • Accepted : 2015.08.14
  • Published : 2015.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in the Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus). Pathogens were identified using PCR which included Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, and Theileria. Rickettsia was not detected, whereas Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Theileria infections were detected in 4, 2, and 8 animals, respectively. The most prevalent pathogen was Theileria. Of the 8 Theileria-positive animals, 2 were mixed-infected with 3 pathogens (Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Theileria) and another 2 animals showed mixed-infection with 2 pathogens (Anaplasma and Theileria). Sequencing analysis was used to verify the PCR results. The pathogens found in this study were identified as Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia canis, and Theileria sp. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report identifying these 3 pathogens in the Korean water deer. Our results suggest that the Korean water deer may serve as a major reservoir for these tick-borne pathogens, leading to spread of tick-borne diseases to domestic animals, livestock, and humans. Further studies are needed to investigate their roles in this respect.

Keywords

References

  1. Taylor MA. Emerging parasitic diseases of sheep. Vet Parasitol 2012; 189: 2-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.03.027
  2. Dantas-Torres F, Chomel BB, Otranto D. Ticks and tick-borne diseases: a one health perspective. Trends Parasitol 2012; 28: 437-446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2012.07.003
  3. Uilenberg G. Importance of ticks and tick-borne diseases of domestic ruminants in Southern Europe. Parassitologia 1999; 41: 107-109.
  4. Eygelaar D, Jori F, Mokopasetso M, Sibeko KP, Collins NE, Vorster I, Troskie M, Oosthuizen MC. Tick-borne haemoparasites in African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from two wildlife areas in Northern Botswana. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8: 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-014-0627-y
  5. Kang JG, Ko S, Kim YJ, Yang HJ, Lee H, Shin NS, Choi KS, Chae JS. New genetic variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma bovis from Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus). Vector Borne Zoon Dis 2011; 11: 929-938. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2010.0214
  6. Ko S, Kim SJ, Kang JG, Won S, Lee H, Shin NS, Choi KS, Youn HY, Chae JS. Molecular detection of Bartonella grahamii and B. schoenbuchensis-related species in Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus). Vector Borne Zoon Dis 2013; 13: 415-418. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2012.1105
  7. Shin GW, Kim EJ, Lee HB, Cho HS. The prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in wild Korean water deer, Korea. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76: 1069-1071. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.13-0575
  8. Harris RB, Duckworth JW. Hydropotes inermis. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1, 2008.
  9. Kim BJ, Oh DH, Chun SH, Lee SD. Distribution, density, and habitat use of the Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) in Korea. Landscape Ecol Eng 2011; 7: 291-297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-010-0127-y
  10. Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG. The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 1997; 25: 4876-4882. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.24.4876
  11. Saitou N, Nei M. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 1987; 4: 406-425.
  12. Page RD. TreeView: an application to display phylogenetic trees on personal computers. Comp Appl Biosci 1996; 12: 357-358.
  13. Han JI, Jang HJ, Lee SJ, Na KJ. High prevalence of Theileria sp. in wild Chinese water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) in South Korea. Vet Parasitol 2009; 164: 311-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.05.027
  14. Dumler JS, Choi KS, Garcia-Garcia JC, Barat NS, Scorpio DG, Garyu JW, Grab DJ, Bakken JS. Human granulocytic anaplasmosis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Emerg Infect Dis 2005; 11: 1828-1834. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1112.050898
  15. Santos AS, Bacellar F, Dumler JS. Human exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Portugal. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1078: 100-105. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1374.014
  16. Stuen S, Granquist EG, Silaghi C. Anaplasma phagocytophilum--a widespread multi-host pathogen with highly adaptive strategies. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2013; 3: 31.
  17. Perez M, Rikihisa Y, Wen B. Ehrlichia canis-like agent isolated from a man in Venezuela: antigenic and genetic characterization. J Clin Microbiol 1996; 34: 2133-2139.
  18. Aktas M. A survey of ixodid tick species and molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens. Vet Parasitol 2014; 200: 276-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.12.008
  19. Ebani VV, Bertelloni F, Torracca B, Cerri D. Serological survey of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Ehrlichia canis infections in rural and urban dogs in Central Italy. Ann Agric Environ Med 2014; 21: 671-675. https://doi.org/10.5604/12321966.1129912
  20. Andre MR, Dumler JS. Scorpio DG, Teixeira RH, Allegretti SM, Machado RZ. Molecular detection of tick-borne bacterial agents in Brazilian and exotic captive carnivores. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2012; 3: 247-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.04.002
  21. Tateno M, Nishio T, Sakuma M, Nakanishi N, Izawa M, Asari Y, Okamura M, Maruyama S, Miyama TS, Setoguchi A, Endo Y. Molecular epidemiologic survey of Bartonella, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma infections in Japanese Iriomote and Tsushima leopard cats. J Wildl Dis 2013; 49: 646-652. https://doi.org/10.7589/2012-07-194
  22. Torina A, Blanda V, Antoci F, Scimeca S, D'Agostino R, Scariano E, Piazza A, Galluzzo P, Giudice E, Caracappa S. A molecular survey of Anaplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia canis and Babesia microti in foxes and fleas from Sicily. Transbound Emerg Dis 2013; 60: 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12137
  23. Luo J, Yin H. Theileriosis of sheep and goats in China. Trop Anim Health Prod 1997; 29: 8S-10S. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02632907

Cited by

  1. Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of tick-borne pathogens in wild Korean water deer and farmed elk in Gyeongbuk and Gangwon Provinces of Korea vol.80, pp.9, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.18-0307
  2. Molecular detection of Anaplasma bovis in Holstein cattle in the Republic of Korea vol.60, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-018-0370-z
  3. Evaluation of the efficacy of ivermectin against Theileria orientalis infection in grazing cattle vol.15, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2042-2
  4. Molecular Identification of Borrelia afzelii from Ticks Parasitizing Domestic and Wild Animals in South Korea vol.8, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8050649
  5. Identification of Zoonotic Tick-Borne Pathogens from Korean Water Deer ( Hydropotes inermis argyropus ) vol.20, pp.10, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2019.2609