Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Allelic Diversity of MSP1 Gene in Plasmodium falciparum from Rural and Urban Areas of Gabon

  • Mawili-Mboumba, Denise Patricia (Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Universite des Sciences de la Sante) ;
  • Mbondoukwe, Noe (Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Universite des Sciences de la Sante) ;
  • Adande, Elvire (Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Universite des Sciences de la Sante) ;
  • Bouyou-Akotet, Marielle Karine (Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Universite des Sciences de la Sante)
  • Received : 2014.11.18
  • Accepted : 2015.08.05
  • Published : 2015.08.31
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Abstract

The present study determined and compared the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum strains infecting children living in 2 areas from Gabon with different malaria endemicity. Blood samples were collected from febrile children from 2008 to 2009 in 2 health centres from rural (Oyem) and urban (Owendo) areas. Genetic diversity was determined in P. falciparum isolates by analyzing the merozoite surface protein-1 (msp1) gene polymorphism using nested-PCR. Overall, 168 children with mild falciparum malaria were included. K1, Ro33, and Mad20 alleles were found in 110 (65.5%), 94 (55.9%), and 35 (20.8%) isolates, respectively, without difference according to the site (P>0.05). Allelic families' frequencies were comparable between children less than 5 years old from the 2 sites; while among the older children the proportions of Ro33 and Mad20 alleles were 1.7 to 2.0 fold higher at Oyem. Thirty-three different alleles were detected, 16 (48.5%) were common to both sites, and 10 out of the 17 specific alleles were found at Oyem. Furthermore, multiple infection carriers were frequent at Oyem (57.7% vs 42.2% at Owendo; P=0.04) where the complexity of infection was of 1.88 (${\pm}0.95$) higher compared to that found at Owendo ($1.55{\pm}0.75$). Extended genetic diversity of P. falciparum strains infecting Gabonese symptomatic children and high multiplicity of infections were observed in rural area. Alleles common to the 2 sites were frequent; the site-specific alleles predominated in the rural area. Such distribution of the alleles should be taken into accounts when designing MSP1 or MSP2 malaria vaccine.

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