Journal of Embryo Transfer (한국수정란이식학회지)

The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer (한국수정란이식학회)
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A Study on the Changes of Coat Color-Related Genes according to Generational Changes in Jeju Horses

제주마 집단의 세대 경과에 따른 모색 유전자 변화 연구

  • 김남영 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 채현석 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 백광수 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 조인철 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 정영훈 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 우제훈 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 박설화 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 김지향 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 이성수 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 양영훈 (제주대학교)
  • Received : 2015.08.17
  • Accepted : 2015.09.30
  • Published : 2015.09.30
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Abstract

This study analyzed the coat color-related genes of MC1R, ASIP, ECA3-inversion, and STX17 of 1,462 Jeju horses administered by the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. This was done to investigate the distributional characteristics of coat color-related genes in the Jeju horse group and the changes of its coat color-related genes by generation. The genotype frequency of the MC1R gene of $E^+/E^+$ and $E^+/E^e$ related to black coat color was 0.122 and 0.447, respectively, while $E^e/E^e$ of the chestnut genotype was 0.429. The genotype frequency of the ASIP gene of $A^A/A^A$, $A^A/A^a$, and $A^a/A^a$ was 0.46, 0.448, and 0.091, respectively, where the genotype frequency of $A^a/A^a$ turned out to be relatively low. The To/To and +/To genotype that manifests the Tobiano shape was 0.001 and 0.119, respectively, with the share of Tobiano shape around 12%. The genotype frequency of G/G and G/g of STX17 related to grey coat color was 0.002 and 0.680, respectively, with the share of grey horses among the Jeju horse group at 68.2%. As for the change of coat color genes by generation, no large changes were observed in the MC1R and ASIP genes. In ECA3-inversion, the To allele that manifests Tobiano significantly decreased following the generational change (p<0.05), while the STX17 G allele related to grey coat color significantly increased following the generational change (p<0.05). It will be necessary to examine the coat color genes when selecting breeding horses so that the diversity of coat colors among the Jeju horse group can be maintained.

본 연구는 제주마 집단의 모색유전자 분포 특성 및 세대별 모색 유전자 변화 양상을 분석하기 위해 제주특별자치도에서 관리하는 제주마, 1,462두에 대한 모색 관련 유전자인 MC1R, ASIP, ECA3-inversion, STX17을 분석하였다. 흑모색과 관련된 MC1R 유전자의 $E^+/E^+$와 $E^+/E^e$ 유전자형 빈도는 각각 0.122와 0.447로 조사되었고, 적색(chestnut) 유전자형인 $E^e/E^e$ 유전자형 빈도는 0.429로 확인되었다. ASIP 유전자의 $A^A/A^A$, $A^A/A^a$ 및 $A^a/A^a$ 유전자형 빈도는 각각 0.46, 0.448, 0.091로 확인되어 $A^a/A^a$ 유전자형 빈도가 낮았다. 토비아노(Tobiano) 형태를 발현하는 To/To와 +/To 유전자형은 각각 0.001과 0.119로 토비아노 형태의 모색은 12%를 점유하고 있었다. 회색 모색과 관련된 STX17의 G/G와 G/g 유전자형의 빈도는 각각 0.002와 0.680로 나타나 제주마 집단에 회색마는 68.2%를 점유하였다. 세대별 모색 변화는 MC1R, ASIP 유전자에서는 큰 변화를 확인할 수 없었다. ECA3-inversion에서는 토비아노를 발현하는 To allele은 세대변화에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였고(p<0.05), 회색 모색과 관련된 STX17 G allele은 세대변화에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 본 연구결과, 제주마 집단의 모색 다양성을 유지하기 위해서는 종마 선정 단계에 모색 유전자의 검토가 필요한 것으로 사료되었다.

Keywords

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