Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging

  • 제23권3호
  • /
  • Pages.158-172
  • /
  • 2015
  • /
  • 2586-7210(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2586-7296(eISSN)
한국심초음파학회 (Korean Society of Echocardiography)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

NORMAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS IN A KOREAN POPULATION STUDY: PART I. CARDIAC CHAMBER AND GREAT ARTERY EVALUATION

  • Choi, Jin-Oh (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Mi-Seung (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Hospital, Gachon University of Medicine and Science) ;
  • Kim, Mi-Jeong (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Jung, Hae Ok (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Park, Jeong Rang (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Sohn, Il Suk (Department of Cardiology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong) ;
  • Kim, Hyungseop (Division of Cardiology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center) ;
  • Park, Seong-Mi (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yoo, Nam Jin (Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science) ;
  • Choi, Jung Hyun (Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hyung-Kwan (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Goo-Yeong (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University and Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Mi-Rae (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Jin-Sun (Department of Cardiology, Ajou University School of Medicine) ;
  • Shim, Chi Young (Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Hee (Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Dae-Hee (Division of Cardiology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Gil Ja (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Sung Hee (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Kye Hun (Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital) ;
  • Park, Jae-Hyeong (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sang Yeub (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Woo-Shik (Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center) ;
  • Park, Seung Woo (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • 투고 : 2015.06.25
  • 심사 : 2015.08.26
  • 발행 : 2015.09.27
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

BACKGROUND: Measurement of the cardiac chamber is essential, and current guidelines recommend measuring and reporting values for both sides of the cardiac chamber during echocardiographic evaluation. Normal echocardiographic reference values have been suggested previously, but detailed information about right-sided chambers and values according to gender was not included. METHODS: This is a prospective multicenter (23 centers) study evaluating normal Korean adult subjects using comprehensive echocardiography. We included normal adult subjects (age; 20-79 years old) who had no significant cardiac disorders or illnesses, such as hypertension or diabetes, which could affect cardiac structure and function. We measured the cardiac chamber including both right and left ventricles as well as atria according to current echocardiography guidelines and compared values according to gender and age groups. RESULTS: A total of 1003 subjects were evaluated and the mean age was $48{\pm}16years$. Left ventricular (LV) dimensions increased, but LV volume decreased in older subjects. Right ventricular (RV) area decreased in women and older subjects, and the RV long-axis dimension showed a similar trend. Left atrial (LA) volume increased in men but there were no differences in LA volume index between men and women. The dimension of great arteries increased in men and older subjects. CONCLUSION: Since there were considerable differences between men and women and in the different age groups, and the trends differed significantly between different echo variables, normal echocardiographic cutoff values should be differentially applied based on age and gender.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : Korean Society of Echocardiography

참고문헌

  1. Wolk MJ, Bailey SR, Doherty JU, Douglas PS, Hendel RC, Kramer CM, Min JK, Patel MR, Rosenbaum L, Shaw LJ, Stainback RF, Allen JM; American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force. ACCF/AHA/ASE/ASNC/HFSA/HRS/SCAI/SCCT/SCMR/STS 2013 multimodality appropriate use criteria for the detection and risk assessment of stable ischemic heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, American Heart Association, American Society of Echocardiography, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Rhythm Society, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;63:380-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.009
  2. Nagueh SF, Quinones MA. Important advances in technology: echocardiography. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2014;10:146-51. https://doi.org/10.14797/mdcj-10-3-146
  3. Maekawa E, Inomata T, Watanabe I, Yanagisawa T, Mizutani T, Shinagawa H, Koitabashi T, Takeuchi I, Tokita N, Inoue Y, Izumi T. Prognostic significance of right ventricular dimension on acute decompensation in chronic left-sided heart failure. Int Heart J 2011;52:119-26. https://doi.org/10.1536/ihj.52.119
  4. Rudski LG, Lai WW, Afilalo J, Hua L, Handschumacher MD, Chandrasekaran K, Solomon SD, Louie EK, Schiller NB. Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography endorsed by the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2010;23:685-713; quiz 786-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2010.05.010
  5. Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, Afilalo J, Armstrong A, Ernande L, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Goldstein SA, Kuznetsova T, Lancellotti P, Muraru D, Picard MH, Rietzschel ER, Rudski L, Spencer KT, Tsang W, Voigt JU. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2015;28:1-39.e14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2014.10.003
  6. Salton CJ, Chuang ML, O'Donnell CJ, Kupka MJ, Larson MG, Kissinger KV, Edelman RR, Levy D, Manning WJ. Gender differences and normal left ventricular anatomy in an adult population free of hypertension. A cardiovascular magnetic resonance study of the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;39:1055-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01712-6
  7. Daimon M, Watanabe H, Abe Y, Hirata K, Hozumi T, Ishii K, Ito H, Iwakura K, Izumi C, Matsuzaki M, Minagoe S, Abe H, Murata K, Nakatani S, Negishi K, Yoshida K, Tanabe K, Tanaka N, Tokai K, Yoshikawa J; JAMP Study Investigators. Normal values of echocardiographic parameters in relation to age in a healthy Japanese population: the JAMP study. Circ J 2008;72:1859-66. https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-08-0171
  8. Dewey FE, Rosenthal D, Murphy DJ Jr, Froelicher VF, Ashley EA. Does size matter? Clinical applications of scaling cardiac size and function for body size. Circulation 2008;117:2279-87. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.736785
  9. Park SW. Multicenter trial for estimation of normal values of echocardiographic indices in Korea. Korean Circ J 2000;30:373-82. https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2000.30.3.373
  10. Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Pellikka PA, Picard MH, Roman MJ, Seward J, Shanewise JS, Solomon SD, Spencer KT, Sutton MS, Stewart WJ; Chamber Quantification Writing Group; American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee; European Association of Echocardiography. Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18:1440-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2005.10.005
  11. Nagueh SF, Appleton CP, Gillebert TC, Marino PN, Oh JK, Smiseth OA, Waggoner AD, Flachskampf FA, Pellikka PA, Evangelisa A. Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr 2009;10:165-93. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejechocard/jen204
  12. Son MK, Chang SA, Kwak JH, Lim HJ, Park SJ, Choi JO, Lee SC, Park SW, Kim DK, Oh JK. Comparative measurement of aortic root by transthoracic echocardiography in normal Korean population based on two different guidelines. Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2013;11:28. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-7120-11-28
  13. Echocardiographic Normal Ranges Meta-Analysis of the Left Heart Collaboration. Ethnic-Specific Normative Reference Values for Echocardiographic LA and LV Size, LV Mass, and Systolic Function: The EchoNoRMAL Study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2015;8:656-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.02.014
  14. Yao GH, Deng Y, Liu Y, Xu MJ, Zhang C, Deng YB, Ren WD, Li ZA, Tang H, Zhang QB, Mu YM, Fang LG, Zhang M, Yin LX, Zhang Y; Echocardiographic Measurements in Normal Chinese Adults (EMINCA) Study Investigators. Echocardiographic measurements in normal chinese adults focusing on cardiac chambers and great arteries: a prospective, nationwide, and multicenter study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2015;28: 570-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2015.01.022
  15. Kou S, Caballero L, Dulgheru R, Voilliot D, De Sousa C, Kacharava G, Athanassopoulos GD, Barone D, Baroni M, Cardim N, Gomez De Diego JJ, Hagendorff A, Henri C, Hristova K, Lopez T, Magne J, De La Morena G, Popescu BA, Penicka M, Ozyigit T, Rodrigo Carbonero JD, Salustri A, Van De Veire N, Von Bardeleben RS, Vinereanu D, Voigt JU, Zamorano JL, Donal E, Lang RM, Badano LP, Lancellotti P. Echocardiographic reference ranges for normal cardiac chamber size: results from the NORRE study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014;15:680-90. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jet284
  16. Park SJ, Kang HT, Nam CM, Park BJ, Linton JA, Lee YJ. Sex differences in the relationship between socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012;96:400-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2011.12.025
  17. Lim S, Shin H, Song JH, Kwak SH, Kang SM, Won Yoon J, Choi SH, Cho SI, Park KS, Lee HK, Jang HC, Koh KK. Increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korea: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 1998-2007. Diabetes Care 2011;34:1323-8. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-2109
  18. Oldershaw P, Bishop A. The difficulties of assessing right ventricular function. Br Heart J 1995;74:99-100. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.74.2.99
  19. Kawut SM, Lima JA, Barr RG, Chahal H, Jain A, Tandri H, Praestgaard A, Bagiella E, Kizer JR, Johnson WC, Kronmal RA, Bluemke DA. Sex and race differences in right ventricular structure and function: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis-right ventricle study. Circulation 2011; 123:2542-51. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.985515
  20. Maffessanti F, Muraru D, Esposito R, Gripari P, Ermacora D, Santoro C, Tamborini G, Galderisi M, Pepi M, Badano LP. Age-, body size-, and sex-specific reference values for right ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by three-dimensional echocardiography: a multicenter echocardiographic study in 507 healthy volunteers. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;6:700-10. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.113.000706
  21. Lloyd-Jones D, Adams R, Carnethon M, De Simone G, Ferguson TB, Flegal K, Ford E, Furie K, Go A, Greenlund K, Haase N, Hailpern S, Ho M, Howard V, Kissela B, Kittner S, Lackland D, Lisabeth L, Marelli A, McDermott M, Meigs J, Mozaffarian D, Nichol G, O'Donnell C, Roger V, Rosamond W, Sacco R, Sorlie P, Stafford R, Steinberger J, Thom T, Wasserthiel-Smoller S, Wong N, Wylie-Rosett J, Hong Y; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2009 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 2009;119:480-6. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191259
  22. Lloyd-Jones DM, Evans JC, Levy D. Hypertension in adults across the age spectrum: current outcomes and control in the community. JAMA 2005; 294:466-72. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.4.466

피인용 문헌

  1. Normal references of right ventricular strain values by two-dimensional strain echocardiography according to the age and gender vol.34, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-017-1217-9
  2. Normal reference values of diastolic strain rate in healthy individuals: Chronological trends and the comparison according to genders vol.35, pp.10, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.14053
  3. 정상 성인의 좌심실 벽두께와 내강 크기에 대한 심초음파영상과 전산화단층영상의 비교 vol.41, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17946/jrst.2018.41.6.545
  4. Prediction of all-cause mortality after liver transplantation using left ventricular systolic and diastolic function assessment vol.14, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209100
  5. Normal basic 2D echocardiographic values to screen and follow up the athlete's heart from juniors to adults: What is known and what is missing. A critical review vol.27, pp.12, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319862060
  6. Sex Disparity in Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes: Do Our Current Echocardiographic Reference Ranges Measure Up? vol.30, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2020.10.004
  7. A Critical Appraisal of Absolute Left Ventricular Dimension Thresholds for Intervention in Primary Mitral Regurgitation from a Worldwide Population Perspective vol.34, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2020.09.017
  8. Normative Transesophageal Echocardiographic Values of Cardiac Structures in the Indian Population-Indian Normative TEE Measurements (INTEEM) Study vol.36, pp.1, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2021.07.009