Atmosphere (대기)

Korean Meteorological Society (한국기상학회)
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Classification of Atmospheric Vertical Environment Associated with Heavy Rainfall using Long-Term Radiosonde Observational Data, 1997~2013

장기간(1997~2013) 라디오존데 관측 자료를 활용한 집중호우 시 연직대기환경 유형 분류

  • Jung, Sueng-Pil (High-impact Weather Research Center, Observational Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • In, So-Ra (High-impact Weather Research Center, Observational Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Wook (High-impact Weather Research Center, Observational Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Sim, JaeKwan (High-impact Weather Research Center, Observational Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Han, Sang-Ok (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Choi, Byoung-Choel (High-impact Weather Research Center, Observational Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences)
  • 정승필 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 인소라 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 김현욱 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 심재관 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 한상옥 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과) ;
  • 최병철 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터)
  • Received : 2015.07.16
  • Accepted : 2015.11.03
  • Published : 2015.12.31
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Abstract

Heavy rainfall ($>30mm\;hr^{-1}$) over the Korean Peninsula is examined in order to understand thermo-dynamic characteristics of the atmosphere, using radiosonde observational data from seven upper-air observation stations during the last 17 years (1997~2013). A total of 82 heavy rainfall cases during the summer season (June-August) were selected for this study. The average values of thermo-dynamic indices of heavy rainfall events are Total Precipitable Water (TPW) = 60 mm, Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = $850J\;kg^{-1}$, Convective Inhibition (CIN) = $15J\;kg^{-1}$, Storm Relative Helicity (SRH) = $160m^2s^{-2}$, and 0~3 km bulk wind shear = $5s^{-1}$. About 34% of the cases were associated with a Changma front; this pattern is more significant than other synoptic pressure patterns such as troughs (22%), migratory cyclones (15%), edges of high-pressure (12%), typhoons (11%), and low-pressure originating from Changma fronts (6%). The spatial distribution of thermo-dynamic conditions (CAPE and SRH) is similar to the range of thunderstorms over the United States, but extreme conditions (supercell thunderstorms and tornadoes) did not appear in the Korean Peninsula. Synoptic conditions, vertical buoyancy (CAPE, CIN), and wind parameters (SRH, shear) are shown to discriminate among the environments of the three types. The first type occurred with high CAPE and low wind shear by the edge of the high pressure pattern, but Second type is related to Changma front and typhoon, exhibiting low CAPE and high wind shear. The last type exhibited characteristics intermediate between the first and second types, such as moderate CAPE and wind shear near the migratory cyclone and trough.

Keywords

References

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