Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science (대한임상검사과학회지)

Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (대한임상검사과학회)
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The Positive Rates of Anti-HBs and Titers of Antibody after Hepatitis B Vaccination

B형 간염백신 접종 후 항체형성률과 역가

  • Lee, Mi-Hwa (Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Jinju Health College)
  • 이미화 (진주보건대학교 임상병리과)
  • Received : 2015.06.10
  • Accepted : 2015.06.15
  • Published : 2015.06.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to survey the anti-HBs positivity and titers of antibody in current students who received nationwide vaccination against Hepatitis B virus which targeted infants in 1995. The subjects were 262 students in Gyeongnam province from April 2014 to October 2014. The positive rate of anti-HBs was 55.3% (145 people) and the negative rate of anti-HBs was 44.7% (117 people). Positivity was shown to be higher in women than men. However, there was no statistically significant difference. Of the HBV-vaccinated subjects, 117 (44.7%) had anti-HBs titer <10, which is judged to be negative, 126 (47.8%) had anti-HBs titer 10-499.9 mIU/mL, which is judged to be positive, and 22 (7.3%) had anti-HBs titer more than 500 mIU/mL. The rate of anti-HBs with lower titer (10-99.9 mIU/mL) was 62% in the positive group. Classifying the antibody titer according to age, the rate of anti-HBs positivity in titer with less than 100 mIU/mL was indicated to be 78.3% in cases of 19-20 year old and 46.7% in 21-22 year old, 52.3% in 23-24 year old. A case of the lower titer with 10-99.9 mIU/mL, showed significant difference according to age. As a result of research, the antibody titers is decreased depending on the passage of time. Hence, the checking of anti-HBs titer is needed after Hepatitis B vaccination and many healthy adults will need periodic boosters of hepatitis B vaccine to maintain production of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen.

우리나라는 1995년부터 영유아를 대상으로 국가차원의 B형 간염백신 예방접종을 시작하였다. 현재 우리나라의 20대 대학생들은 신생아 정기 예방접종 시작 전후에 태어난 세대이며 영유아기에 접종을 받고 20여년이 경과되었다. 영유아를 대상으로 B형 간염 정기예방 접종 시작 후 장시간이 경과한 현 시점에서 B형 항체 보유율과 역가에 대한 확인은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 20대 대학생들의 B형 간염항체 양성률과 역가를 조사하였으며 연구대상은 2014년 4월부터 2014년 10월까지 경남 소재 대학의 대학생 262명을 대상으로 하였다. 추가접종자는 제외하였으며 간염항체의 양성판정은 10 mIU/mL이상으로 정하였다. 연구결과, B형 간염 항체의 양성률은 55.3% (145명)이었고 음성률은 44.7% (117명)이었다. 성별에 따라 양성률을 분류했을 때 여자는 57.9% (88명), 남자는 51.8% (57명)로 여자가 남자보다 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 연령에 따라 역가 차이를 비교했을 때 19~20세 연령군이 21세 이상의 연령군 보다 낮은 역가를 나타냈다. 이는 본 연구의 연구대상자들이 연령군간에 나이 차이가 적고 각 연령군의 측정 대상자수가 일정하지 않았으며 인원수가 적은 군에서 역가가 높게 나오는 경우가 발생하면 해당 연령군이 상대적으로 역가가 높은 분포에 속하게 되는 것으로 생각되어 추후 고려해야할 사항으로 사료된다. 양성으로 판명된 연구대상자의 62%가 역가의 하한선인 10-99.9 mIU/mL의 낮은 역가를 나타냈다. 소아기에 접종 후 일정기간이 지나면 항체 확인검사를 하고 국가차원에서 추가접종을 추진해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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