차세대 차량 네트워크를 위한 HSR (High-availability seamless Redundancy) 프로토콜 적용 연구

High-availability Seamless Redundancy(HSR) Protocol for Automobile Networks

  • 투고 : 2014.07.30
  • 심사 : 2014.08.27
  • 발행 : 2014.09.30

초록

Ethernet 기반 차량 네트워크 구성 시 신뢰성은 요구조건 중 하나이다. 이를 위해 차량 네트워크 구조에 High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) protocol (IEC 62439-3 clause 5)를 사용할 수 있다. HSR 프로토콜은 프레임을 전송할 때 서로 다른 경로에 각각의 복제된 프레임들을 제공한다. 이는 전송 오류로 인해 하나의 경로에서 프레임을 전송받지 못하더라도 목적지 노드는 다른 경로를 통해 적어도 하나의 프레임을 받을 수 있어 네트워크의 고장 발생 시에도 네트워크의 중단이 없음을 의미한다. 고장 발생 시에도 목적지 노드는 Zero-recovery time으로 하나의 프레임을 받을 수 있기 때문에 표준 Ethernet 과는 달리 보낸 프레임의 손실시 네트워크를 재구성하는 시간이 필요 없다. 하지만 HSR 프로토콜은 복제 전송하는 프레임으로 인해 불필요한 트래픽을 발생시키는 단점이 있다. 이에 HSR 프로토콜의 성능을 향상시키기 위해 QR, VRing, RURT, DVP와 같은 방법들이 이미 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 차량 네트워크에 HSR 프로토콜을 적용한 3가지 구조를 제안하였고 여기에 트래픽 향상을 위해 QR, VRing을 적용하였으며 이 구조들의 트래픽 성능을 측정 및 비교하였다. QR과 VRing을 적용할 때 표준 HSR 프로토콜에 비해 48-75%의 트래픽 감소를 보여주었다. 이는 차량에서 신뢰성 향상을 위해 HSR 프로토콜은 Ethernet을 대신하여 사용할 수 있음을 의미한다.

One of the most important requirements for the Ethernet-based automobile is the reliability. In order to achieve this goal, we propose using the High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) protocol (IEC 62439-3 clause 5) in these networks. The HSR protocol provides duplicated frame copies for each sent frame, which means that the destination node will receive at least one copy in case the second copy is lost due to a failure. In other words, there will be no network stoppage even if failure occurs. Moreover, the destination node will receive at least one frame copy with zero-recovery time (seamless) and it will not need to wait to receive the other copy if the first one is lost, which occurs it in the Ethernet standard, as a result of reconfiguration of the network paths. However, the main drawback of the HSR protocol is the unnecessary redundant traffic that is caused by the duplicated frames. Several solutions, including QR, VRing, RURT, and DVP, have already been proposed to improve the traffic performance of the HSR protocol. In this paper, we propose three automobile network topologies. each of which has pros and cons depending on the automobile requirements. Then we applied the HSR protocol with and without the QR and VRing approaches to each scenario. The comparison among these topologies depend on the traffic performance result for each of them. The QR and VRing approaches give a better traffic reduction percentage, ranging from 48% to 75% compared to the standard HSR protocol. Therefore they could limit the redundant traffic in automobile networks when the HSR protocol is used instead of the Ethernet network, which does not provide any seamless recovery if a failure occurs.

키워드

참고문헌

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