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대항문화로서의 전통음식의 재탄생

The Reinvention of Traditional Cuisine as Counterculture

  • 김지희 (연세대학교 영어영문학과)
  • 투고 : 2014.07.24
  • 심사 : 2014.09.02
  • 발행 : 2014.11.28

초록

이 글은 자본주의 사회에서 전통음식이 과거에 대한 "향수"를 자극하며 재창조되고 소비되는 방식에 대해 논의한다. 이 글은 사찰음식과 안동음식이 재탄생한 과정 등의 사례 분석을 통해 오늘날 전통음식이 상품화되는 과정에서 탈맥락화의 과정을 거친다고 주장한다. 또한 고대 중국 사회에서 채식문화가 불교문화의 일부로 인정받기 시작한 과정을 되짚으며 불교의 채식문화가 여러 환경요인에 의해 발명된 문화라는 점을 밝히려 한다. 고대 중국사회에서 채식문화가 불교사상을 전파하기 좋은 도구로 자리 잡았다면 오늘날 사찰음식은 불교사상의 전파보다는 상품화와 소비를 가능하게 하고 있다. 이 논문은 현대 한국사회에서 전통음식이 다시 인기를 끌고 있는 현상에 초점을 맞추어 이와 같은 현상이 현대 한국사회의 소비자들의 심리와 요구를 어떻게 반영하는가를 살펴본다. 그리고 현대 한국사회에서 각광을 받고 있는 전통음식 문화가 자본주의 사회 내에서 대항문화로서 자리매김할 수 있을지에 대해 논의한다.

This paper discusses how the traditional cuisine of Korea capitalizes on "nostalgia" for the past. While examining the (re)invention of Buddhist cuisine and Andong food, this paper contends that traditional Korean cuisine is commodified through a process of de-contexualization. This paper first discusses the possibility that the idea of traditional cuisine is an invention in the first place. The history of temple food, for instance, suggests that it was created as a vehicle for circulating and implementing the ruling ideology in the ancient societies of China. This paper then turns to the issue of the growing influence of traditional cuisine in contemporary Korean culture, which is related to the public's demand for healthy food and also tied with the South Korean society's need for promoting a national cuisine in the age of globalization. The rise of traditional cuisine is a sign that people are seeking to reform their eating habits and form a counterculture. Yet, another side of the story is that consumers end up taking part in the self-expanding capitalist market with more consumer choices rather than forming a genuine counterculture. In this respect, the reinvention of temple food is closely related to what Jean and John L. Comaroff call the "emergence of consumption as a privileged site for the fabrication of self and society, of culture and identity".

키워드

참고문헌

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