CELLMED (셀메드)

Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical Association (셀메드 세포교정의약학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff). Boerl.

  • Othman, Siti Nur Atiqah Md (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) ;
  • Sarker, Satyajit Dey (Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University) ;
  • Nahar, Lutfun (Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University) ;
  • Basar, Norazah (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia)
  • Received : 2014.04.14
  • Accepted : 2014.10.31
  • Published : 2014.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. is a dense evergreen tree of the family Thymelaeceae. This plant is popular with the name of Mahkota dewa, which is literally translated as God's Crown. All parts of this plant including fruits, seeds, stem, and leaves have well known therapeutic properties and have been extensively used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, allergies, kidney disorders, blood diseases, stroke, and acne with satisfactory results. Scientific findings on bioactivities of P. macrocarpa also demonstrated different pharmacological properties of various parts of this plant including cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihypertensive activities. Phytochemicals studies of P. macrocarpa revealed the presence of several classes of compounds such as benzophenones, terpenoids, xanthones, lignans, acids, and sugars. This review aims to provide a critical overview on botanical description, traditional usage, phytochemicals, and pharmacological activities of P. macrocarpa.

Keywords

References

  1. Ali RB, Atangwho IJ, Kuar N, Mohamed EAH, Mohamed AJ, Asmawi MZ and Mahmud R. Hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic study of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits pericarp. J Med Plants Res. 2012;6:1982-1990.
  2. Altaf R, Asmawi MZ, Dewa A, Sadikun A and Umar MI. Phytochemistry and medicinal properties of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. extracts. Pharmacogn Rev. 2013;7:73-80. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.112853
  3. Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. An update of the angiosperm phylogeny group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II. Botanical J Linnean Society. 2003;141:399-436. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x
  4. Atangwho IJ, Ali RB, Kuar N, Asmawi MZ Mahmud R and Ahmad M. Bioassay-guided antidiabetic study of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract. Molecules. 2012;17:4986-5002. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17054986
  5. Cragg GM, Newmann DJ. Natural products: A continuing source of novel drug leads. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013;1830:3670-3695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.02.008
  6. De Padua LS, Bunyapraphatsara N, Lemmens RHMS. Plant resources of South East Asia, Medical and poisonous plants 1 (PROSEA). (Leiden, Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers), pp. 36-38, 1999.
  7. De Pasquale A. Pharmacognosy: the oldest modern science. J Ethnopharmacol. 1984;11:1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(84)90092-8
  8. Diantini A, Subarnas A, Supriyatna, Levita J, Abdulah R, Achmad TH, Faried A, Faried LS, Julaeha E, Kurnia D, Wardhani SR and Koyama H. Cytotoxicity of fevicordin-A from Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. on P388, HeLa, Caski, TE-2, TE-8 and Prepuce's Fibroblast cells. J Med Res. 2012;1:1-5.
  9. Faried A, Kurnia D, Faried LS, Usman N, Miyazaki T, Kato H, and Kuwano H. Anticancer effects of gallic acid isolated from Indonesia herbal medicine, Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl, on human cancer cell lines. Int J Oncol. 2007;30:605-613.
  10. Fariza IN, Fadzureena J, Zunoliza A, Chuah AL, Pin KY and Adawiyah I. Anti-inflammatory activity of the major compound from methanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa leaves. J Appl Sci. 2012;12:1195-1198. https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2012.1195.1198
  11. Gordaliza M. Natural products as leads to anticancer drugs. Clin Transl Oncol. 2007;9:767-776. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-007-0138-9
  12. Gurib-Fakim A. Medicinal plants: Traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow. Mol Aspects Med. 2006;27:1-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2005.07.008
  13. Hanus-Fajerska E, Wiszniewska A, Czaicki P. Effectiveness of Daphne L. (Thymelaeaceae) In vitro propagation, rooting of microshoots and acclimatization of Plants. Acta Agrobotanica. 2012;65:21-28.
  14. Harmanto N. Conquering disease in unison with mahkota dewa, Phaleria macrocarpa. 1st ed. (North Jakarta, Indonesia:Mahkotadewa Indonesia), p.14, 2003.
  15. Hendra R, Ahmad S, Sukari A, Shukor MY and Oskoueian E. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity of Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.)Scheff fruit. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2011;11:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-11-1
  16. Hendra R, Ahmad S, Sukari A, Shukor MY and Oskoueian E. Flavanoid analyses and antimicrobial activity of various parts of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl fruit. Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12:3422-3431. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12063422
  17. Herber BE. Pollen morphology of the Thymelaeaceae in relation to its taxonomy. Plant Sys Evol. 2002;232:107-121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s006060200030
  18. Herber BE. Flowering plants dicotyledons. In The families and genera of vascular plants. Vol. 5. Bayer C, Kubitzki K ed. (New York, USA: Springer Berlin Heidelberg), pp. 373-396, 2003.
  19. Hou D. Thymelaeaceae. In Flora malesiana series I. Vol. 6. Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. ed. (Groningen, Netherlands: Wolter-Noordhoff Publishing), pp. 1-15, 1960.
  20. Katrin E, Selvie, Winarno H. Chromatogram profiles and cytotoxic activity of irradiated mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) leaves. Atom Indones. 2011;37:17-23. https://doi.org/10.17146/aij.2011.71
  21. Kim WJ, Veriansyah B, Lee YW, Kim J, Kim JD. Extraction of mangiferin from mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) using subcritical water. J Ind Eng Chem. 2010;16:425-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2009.08.008
  22. Kubitzki K and Bayer C. The families and genera of vascular plants: Flowering plants dicotyledons. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 2003;5:383.
  23. Kurnia D, Akiyama K and Hayashi H. 29-Norcucurbitacin derivatives isolated from the Indonesian medicinal plant, Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2008;72:618-620. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.70627
  24. Lisdawati V, Wiryowidagdo S, Kardono L and Broto S. Isolasi dan elusidasi struktur senyawa lignin dan asam lemak dari ekstrak daging buah Phaleria macrocarpa. Bul Penel Kesehatan. 2007;35:115-124.
  25. Mariani R, Wirasutisna K, R, Nawawi A and Adnyana IK. Antiinflammatory activity of dominant compound of mahkota dewa fruit Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. Indonesian J Pharm. 2010;21:129-133.
  26. Meiyanti, Dewoto, HR and Suyatna FD. Hypoglycemic effect of mahkota dewa mesocarp fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) on glucose blood level in glucose loading healthy volunteers. Universa Medicina. 2006;25:114-120.
  27. Muhtadi A, Susilawati Y and Zakaria AD. The activity of isolate from ethyl acetate fraction of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) fruits on insulin sensitivity in hyperglycaemic mouse. Proceeding Int Seminar on Chemistry, Jatinangor, Indonesia. 2008;527-530. http://chemistry.unpad.ac.id/isc-proceeding/2008/Pdf/PP/0527-0530%20PP053%20Ahmad%20Muhtadi.pdf
  28. Oshimi S, Zaima K, Matsuno Y, Hirasawa Y, Izuka T, Studiawan H, Indrayanto G, Zaini NC and Morita H. Studies on the constituents from the fruits of Phaleria macrocarpa. J Nat Med. 2008;62:207-210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-007-0209-9
  29. Pertamawati. Pengaruh sitotoksik ekstrak buah mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) terhadap sel kanker lestari HeLa. J Sains dan Teknologi Indones. 2007;9:39-43.
  30. Rahmawati E, Dewoto HR and Wuyung PE. Anticancer activity study of ethanol extract of Mahkota dewa fruit pulp (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) in C3H mouse mammary tumor induced by transplantation. Med J Indones. 2006;15:217-222.
  31. Rates SMK. Plants as source of drugs. Toxicon. 2001;39:603-613. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0041-0101(00)00154-9
  32. Rinayanti A, Radji M, Munim A and Suyatna FD. Screening angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor activity of antihypertensive medicinal plants from Indonesia. International Journal of Pharmacy Teaching and Practices. 2013;4:527-532.
  33. Samuelsson G. A textbook of pharmacognosy. In Drugs of natural origin. (Stockholm, Sweden: Swedish Pharmaceutical Press), pp.473-575, 2004.
  34. Saufi A. Lignans in Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. and in Linum flavum var. compactum L. (Maastricht, Germany:Shaker Verlag GmbH), pp.13-14, 2007.
  35. Simanjutak P. Identifikasi senyawa kimia dalam buah Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa), Thymelaceae. J Ilmu Kefarmasian Indones. 2008;6:23-28.
  36. Soeksmanto A, Hapsari Y, Simanjuntak P. Antioxidant content of parts of mahkota dewa, Phaleria macrocarpa [Scheff] Boerl. (Thymelaceace). Biodivertas. 2007;8:92-95.
  37. Stevens PF. Three new species of Phaleria (Thymelaeaceae) from Papuasia. J Arnold Arboretum. 1974;55:264-268.
  38. Sugiwati S, Kardono LBS and Bintang M. $\alpha$-Glucosidase inhibitory activity and hypoglycemic effect of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit pericarp extracts by oral administration to rats. J Appl Sci. 2006;6:2312-2316. https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2006.2312.2316
  39. Sulistyoningrum E, Setiawati and Ismaulidiya FR. Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. improved renal histological changes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Int J Med Plants Alt Med. 2013;1:87-92.
  40. Suparto IH, Arfianti N, Septiawati T, Triwahyuni W and Iskandriati D. Ethanol extract of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) fruit with in-vitro antidiabetic activities. Proceeding. International Seminar on Chemistry, Jatinangor, Indonesia. 2008;285-288. http://www.chemistry.unpad.ac.id/isc-proceeding/2008/Pdf/OP/0285-0288%20OP072%20-%20Irma%20Suparto.pdf
  41. Susilawati. Isolasi metabolit sekunder dari buah, kulit batang dan daun Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) serta uji antioksidannya. (Yogyakarta, Indonesia: PhD dissertation of Universitas Gadja Mada), pp. 250-267, 2012. http://repository.ugm.ac.id/digitasi/download.php?file=3169_RD-201301037-susillawati.pdf
  42. Susilawati, Matsjeh S, Pranowo HD and Anwar C. Antioxidant activity of 2,6,4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone from ethyl acetate extract of leaves of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.). Indo J Chem. 2011;11:180-185.
  43. Susilawati, Matsjeh S, Pranowo HD and Anwar C. Macronone, a novel diepoxylignan from bark of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) and its antioxidant activity. Indo J Chem. 2012;12:62-69.
  44. Tambunan RM and Simanjutak P. Determination of chemical structure of antioxidant compound benzophenone glycoside from n-butanol extract of the fruits of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.). Majalah Farmasi Indones. 2006;17:184-189.
  45. Tandrasasmita OM, Lee JS, Baek SH and Tjandrawinata R. Induction of cellular apoptosis in human breast cancer by DLBS1425, a Phaleria macrocarpa compound extract, via downregulation of P13-kinase/AKT pathway. Cancer Biol Ther. 2010;10:814-823. https://doi.org/10.4161/cbt.10.8.13085
  46. Tjandrawinata RR, Arifin PF, Tandrasasmita OM, Rahmi D and Aripin A. DLBS1425, a Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. extract confers antiproliferative and proapoptosis effects via eicosanoid pathway. J Exp Ther Oncol. 2010;8:187-201.
  47. Wang Y, Gilbert MG, Mathew B, Brickell CD, and Nevling LI. Flora of China In Thymelaeaceae. Vol. 13. Wu ZY, Raven PH, Hong DY. eds. (Beijing, China; Science Press), pp. 213-250, 2007.
  48. Winarno H and Katrin WE. Benzophenone glucoside isolated from the ethyl acetate of the bark of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) and its inhibitory activity on leukemia L1210 cell line. Indo J Chem. 2009;9:142-145.
  49. Yosie A, Effendy MAW, Sifzizul TMT and Habsah M. Antibacterial, radical-scavenging activities and cytotoxicity properties of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl leaves in HEPG2 cell lines. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2011;2:1700-1706.
  50. Zhang YB, Xu XJ, Liu HM. Chemical constituents from mahkota dewa. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2006;8:119-123. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286020500480472
  51. Zhang SY, Zhang QH, Zhao W, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Bi YF and Zhang YB. Isolation, characterization and cytotoxic activity of benzophenone glucopyranoside from mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.). Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012;22:6862-6866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.09.038