DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The influence of EAF dust on resistivity of concrete and corrosion of steel bars embedded in concrete

  • Almutlaq, Fahad M. (SABIC Technology Center, Saudi Arabia SABIC Technology Center-J, Materials and Corrosion Section)
  • 투고 : 2014.02.14
  • 심사 : 2014.04.20
  • 발행 : 2014.11.27

초록

Essentially, when electrical current flows easily in concrete that has large pores filled with highly connective pore water, this is an indication of a low resistivity concrete. In concrete, the flow of current between anodic and cathodic sites on a steel reinforcing bar surface is regulated by the concrete electrical resistance. Therefore, deterioration of any existing reinforced concrete structure due to corrosion of reinforcement steel bar is governed, to some extent, by resistivity of concrete. Resistivity of concrete can be improved by using SCMs and thus increases the concrete electrical resistance and the ability of concrete to resist chloride ingress and/or oxygen penetration resulting in prolonging the onset of corrosion. After depassivation it may slow down the corrosion rate of the steel bar. This indicates the need for further study of the effect of electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) addition on the concrete resistivity. In this study, concrete specimens rather than mortars were cast with different additions of EAFD to verify the electrochemical results obtained and to try to understand the role of EAFD addition in influencing the corrosion behaviour of reinforcing steel bar embedded in concrete and its relation to the resistivity of concrete. The results of these investigations indicated that the corrosion resistance of steel bars embedded in concrete containing EAFD was improved, which may link to the high resistivity found in EAFD-concrete. In this paper, potential measurements, corrosion rates, gravimetric corrosion weight results and resistivity measurements will be presented and their relationships will also be discussed in details.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : University of Birmingham

참고문헌

  1. Polder, R., Andrade, C. and Elsener, B. (2000), "RILEM TC 154-EMC: Electrochemical techniques for measuring metallic corrosion-test methods for onsite measurement of resistivity of concrete", Mater. Struct., 33, 603-611. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02480599
  2. Gowers, K.R. and Millard, S.G. (1999), "Measurement of concrete resistivity for assessment of corrosion severity of steel using Wenner technique", ACI Mater. J., 96(5),
  3. Hope, B.B., Ip, A.K. and Manning, D.G. (1985), "Corrosion and electrical impedance in concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 15(3), 525-534. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(85)90127-9
  4. Enevoldsen, J.N., Hansson, C.M. and Hope, B.B. (1994), "The influence of internal relative humidity on the rate of corrosion of steel embedded in concrete and mortar, Cement Concrete Res., 24(7), 1373-1382. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(94)90122-8
  5. Hunkeler, F. (1996), "The resistivity of pore water solution--a decisive parameter of rebar corrosion and repair methods", Construct. Build. Mater., 10(5), 381-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(95)00029-1
  6. Hansson, C.M., Frolund, T. and Markussen, J.B. (1985), "The effect of chloride cation type on the corposion of steel in concrete by chloride salts", Cement Concrete Res., 15(1), 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(85)90009-2
  7. Millard, S.G. (1991), "Reinforced concrete resistivity measurement techniques", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Part 2: Research and Theory.
  8. Glass, G.K., Page, C.L. and Short, N.R. (1991), Factors affecting the corrosion rate of steel in carbonated mortars, Corrosion Sci., 32(12), 1283-1294. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(91)90048-T
  9. Hussain, S.E. and Rasheeduzzafar (1994), "Corrosion resistance performance of fly ash blended cement concrete, ACI Mater. J., 91(3).
  10. Hansson, I.L. and Hansson, C.M. (1983), "Electrical resistivity measurements of Portland cement based materials", Cement Concrete Res., 13(5), 675-683. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(83)90057-1
  11. Geiseler, J., Kollo, H. and Lang, E. (1995), "Influence of blast furnace cements on durability of concrete structures", ACI Mater. J., 92(3), 252-257.
  12. Polder, R.B. and Peelen, W.H.A. (2002), "Characterisation of chloride transport and reinforcement corrosion in concrete under cyclic wetting and drying by electrical resistivity", Cement Concrete Compos., 24(5), 427-435. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(01)00074-9
  13. Smith, K.M., Schokker, A.J. and Tikalsky, P.J. (2004), "Performance of supplementary cementitious materials in concrete resistivity and corrosion monitoring evaluations", ACI Mater. J., 101(5).
  14. Osterminski, K., Schiessl, P., Volkwein, A., et al. (2006), "Modelling reinforcement corrosion-usability of a factorial approach for modelling resistivity of concrete", Mater. Corros., 57(12), 926-931. https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.200604017
  15. Angst U., Elsener, B., Larsen, C.K. and Vennesland, O. (2009), "Critical chloride content in reinforced concrete - a review", Cement Concrete Res, 39, 1122-1138 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.08.006
  16. Polder, R.B. (2009), "Critical chloride content for reinforced concrete and its relationship to concrete resistivity", Mater Corros, 60 (8), 623-630 https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.200905302
  17. Angst U., Elsener B., Larsen C.K. and Vennesland O. (2011), "Chloride induced reinforcement corrosion:rate limiting step of early pitting corrosion", Electrochim Acta, 56(17), 5877-5889 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2011.04.124
  18. Cabrera, J.G. and Ghoddoussi, P. (1994), "The influence of fly ash on the resistivity and rate of corrosion of reinforced concrete", In Malhotra, V.M. (Ed.) Third International Conference on Durability of Concrete. Nice.
  19. France, ACI. Page, C.L. and Treadaway, K.W.J. (1982), "Aspects of the electrochemistry of steel in concrete, Nature, 297, 109-115 https://doi.org/10.1038/297109a0
  20. Lambert, P., Page, C.L. and Vassie, P.R. (1991) Investigations of reinforcement corrosion. 2. Electrochemical monitoring of steel in chloride-contaminated concrete. Materials and Structures/Materiaux et Constructions, 24(5), 351-358.
  21. Al-Zaid, R.Z., Al-Negeimish, A.I., Al-Sugair, F.H., et al. (1999), "Use of electric arc furnace dust as a retarder in concrete: a cooperative study", Proceeding of the 5th Saudi Engineering Conference, Makkah, Umm-Al-Qura University, 33-42.
  22. Stratfull, R.F. (1968), How Chlorides Affect Concrete Used with Reinforcing Steel. MATER PROTECT, 7(3), 29-34.
  23. Andrade, C., Alonso, C. and Gonzalez, J.A. (1990), "An initial effort to use the corrosion rate measurements for estimating rebar durability", In Berke, N.S.;Chaker, D. & Whiting, D. (Eds.) Corrosion Rates of Steel in Concrete, STP-1065, ASTM, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia.
  24. Al Mutlaq, F.M. (2011), "ASPECTS OF THE USE OF ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE DUST IN CONCRETE", Ph. D. Thesis, University of Birmingham, Birmingham.
  25. Al Mutlaq, F.M. and Page, C.L. (2012), "Effects of accelerators on concrete containing electric arc furnace dust", Construct. Mater., 166(2), 71-79.
  26. Al-Sugair, F.H., Al-Negeimish, A.I. and Al-Zaid, R.Z. (1996), "Use of electric arc furnace by-products in concrete", In 5557031, U.S.P.n. (Ed.) 5557031 ed. USA.
  27. Chaudhary, Z., Al-Mutlaq, F.M., Ahsan, S.N., et al. (2003), "Improving durability reinforced concrete slabs by addition of HADEED by-product (HR001)", The 4th Middle East Petrochemicals Conference and Exhibition, Bahrain, Petrotech 2003.
  28. Troconis de Rincon, O., Perez, O., Paredes, E., Caldera, Y., Urdaneta, C. and Sandoval, I. (2002), "Longterm performance of ZnO as a rebar corrosion inhibitor", Cement Concrete Compos., 24(1), 79-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(01)00029-4
  29. Saraswathy, V. and Song, H.W. (2007), "Improving the durability of concrete by using inhibitors", Build. Environ., 42(1), 464-472 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.08.003
  30. Maslehuddin, M., Awan, F.R., Shameem, M., Ibrahima, M. and Alia, M.R. (2011), "Effect of electric arc furnace dust on the properties of OPC and blended cement concretes", Construct. Build. Mater., 25(1), 308-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.06.024
  31. Lopez, W. and Gonzalez, J.A. (1993), "Influence of the degree of pore saturation on the resistivity of concrete and the corrosion rate of steel reinforcement", Cement Concrete Res., 23(2), 368-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(93)90102-F

피인용 문헌

  1. Performance of optimized electric arc furnace dust-based cementitious matrix compared to conventional supplementary cementitious materials vol.112, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.068
  2. Analysis of the adhesive damage for different patch shapes in bonded composite repair of corroded aluminum plate vol.59, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.59.1.123
  3. A Recent Progress of Steel Bar Corrosion Diagnostic Techniques in RC Structures vol.19, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3390/s19010034
  4. Corrosion of rebar in carbon fiber reinforced polymer bonded reinforced concrete vol.8, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.4.247
  5. Characterization of chemical accelerators for sustainable recycling of fresh electric-arc furnace dust in cement pastes vol.32, pp.8, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2021.06.019