Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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A Study on the Ant's Selection of the Diaspores of Four Corydalis Species

현호색속 식물 4종에 대한 개미의 전파체 선택에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Gab-Tae (Dept. of Forest Sciences, College of Life Sci. & Resour., Sangji Univ.)
  • 김갑태 (상지대학교 산림과학과)
  • Received : 2014.06.23
  • Accepted : 2014.10.08
  • Published : 2014.10.31
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Abstract

To search for myrmecochorous plant species, related ant species and diaspore selecting behaviour, collecting fruits and diaspores of four Corydalis species, cafeteria experiments, and the related ant species were studied from May 2013 to July 2014. Four Corydalis species recording in Korea were proved myrmecochorous (seed attached elaiosome) plants newly. Elaiosome shape of these species is spatulate-shaped, but their size is varied considerably in length and width. Significant differences is proved between four plant species in weight of diaspores, seeds and elaiosomes, and elaiosome ratios. Mean values of diaspores weight showed 4.08 mg, 2.56 mg, 2.49 mg and 2.06 mg in Corydalis grandicalyx, C. remota, C. turtschaninovii for. pectinata and C. turtschaninovii var. linearis, respectively. Mean values of seed weights showed 3.68 mg, 2.03 mg, 1.90 mg and 1.67 mg in Corydalis grandicalyx, C. remota, C. turtschaninovii for. pectinata and C. turtschaninovii var. linearis, respectively. Elaiosome ratio of C. turtschaninovii var. linearis was the highest, followed by C. remota, C. turtschaninovii for. pectinata and C. grandicalyx. Ant's preference for the diaspores is ordered as same as elaiosome ratio's order. Major ant species transporting the diaspores of Corydalis species are Formica japonica, Lasius alienus, Lasius japonicus and Tetramorium tsushimae. Formica japonica transports the diaspores most frequently. Ant's preference for the diaspores among plant species or individuals might be influenced on the survival rates of concerned species. Further studies on the myrmecochorous plant and related ant species, cafeteria experiments should be needed.

우리나라에서 개미가 종자를 분산시키는 식물종과 관련 개미 및 개미의 종자선택 행태를 밝히고자, 2013년 4월부터과 2014년 7월까지 현호색 4종의 열매 수집, 전파체 특성, 급여시험을 실시하였다. 개미가 종자를 퍼뜨리는(ant-dispersed) 4종의 현호색 속의 식물이 새롭게 확인되었다. 4종의 식물체의 종자에 부착된 지방체의 형태는 주걱처럼 생겼으며, 식물종간 길이나 크기는 서로 달랐다. 전파체, 종자 및 지방체 무게 및 지방체 비율 등은 식물종간 고도의 통계적 유의차가 인정되었다. 전파체와 종자의 무게는 갈퀴현호색이 가장 무거웠고, 다음으로 현호색, 댓잎현호색, 빗살현호색의 순이었다. 지방체의 비율은 댓잎현호색이 23.7%로 가장 높았고, 다음으로 현호색, 빗살현호색, 갈퀴현호색의 순이었다. 지방체를 물어가는 개미는 곰개미, 누운털개미, 고동털개미 및 주름개미 4종이었으며, 가장 빈번하게 지방체를 물어가는 종은 곰개미였다. 개미의 전파체 선호도는 댓잎현호색, 현호색, 빗살현호색, 갈퀴현호색의 순이었으며, 이러한 순서는 지방체의 비율과 같은 순이었다. 개미의 전파체 선택행동은 식물종 또는 개체간 생존율에 영향을 미칠 것이라 사료된다. 앞으로 개미가 종자를 퍼뜨리는 식물종과 개미에 대한 조사와 급여시험 등의 많은 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

Keywords

References

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