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Changes of Mineralogical Characteristics of Asbestos by Heat Treatment

열처리에 따른 석면의 광물학적 특성변화

  • Jeong, Hyeonyi (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Moon, Wonjin (Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju Center) ;
  • Yoon, Sungjun (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Yumi (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Roh, Yul (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chonnam National University)
  • 정현이 (전남대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 문원진 (한국기초과학지원연구원 광주센터) ;
  • 윤성준 (전남대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 김유미 (전남대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 노열 (전남대학교 지구환경과학과)
  • Received : 2014.09.22
  • Accepted : 2014.10.29
  • Published : 2014.10.28

Abstract

Asbestos is designated as carcinogen minerals. Detoxification of asbestos is being conducted by physical and chemical treatments that lead the formation of non-fibrous mineral particles or phase transitions. Major researches have been performed on mineralogical properties of asbestos and possibilities of detoxification in Korea. More specific studies are needed to prove the form and crystal structure changes during the detoxification of asbestos via heat treatment. Therefore, we studied thermal effects on mineralogical characteristics of chrysotile and asbestiform tremolite using electron microscopy investigation. Electron microscopy investigation showed chrysotile fibers were fully transformed into rod-shaped forsterite at $850^{\circ}C$ in 2 hours, and asbestiform tremolite fibers were converted into non-fibrous diopside at $1050^{\circ}C$ in 2 hours. Fibrous asbestos were converted into rod-shaped minerals, which are non-asbestiform. However, compositions of both minerals were not changed before and after heat treatment. These results indicate that thermal treatment of asbestos completely broke down asbestos structure due to dehydroxylation and recrystallization. Thus, electron microscopy investigation can provide the useful information of shapes, crystal structure, and chemistries of the asbestos for the detoxification.

석면이 발암물질로 지정 되면서 물리화학적 처리를 통하여 석면광물을 비섬유형으로 변형시키거나 또는 상전이시킴으로 광물 종을 변화시켜 무해화하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 하지만 국내에서는 석면의 광물학적 특성과 함께 무해화가 가능함을 제시하는 연구만 진행되었을 뿐, 열처리에 따른 석면광물의 형태 및 결정구조 변화에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내에서 산출되는 백석면(chrysotile)과 석면형 투각섬석(asbestiform tremolite)에 대하여 열처리 전 후 석면의 형태 변화와 상전이에 따른 광물학적 특성을 전자현미경법으로 연구하였다. 백석면은 $850^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 동안 열처리된 후 감람석으로 상전이 되었으며, 석면형 투각섬석은 $1050^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 동안 열처리된 후 투휘석으로 상전이 되었다. 이러한 광물 상전이를 전자현미경법으로 연구한 결과, 두 석면은 섬유상 및 침상의 형태를 보이는 섬유다발이 열처리에 의해 끝이 매끄러운 주상의 형태로 변형되었으며, 분쇄하여도 벽개면, 섬유다발 등과 같은 형태로 발달하지 않음을 확인하였다. 또한 열처리에 따른 광물의 주 구성성분 변화 없이 결정구조의 변화가 일어남을 확인하였다. 이는 함수 규산염광물인 석면이 열에 의해 수산기(OH)가 제거되면서 광물의 상전이와 결정구조의 변화가 나타난 것으로 사료된다. 이처럼 전자현미경법은 석면의 형태, 화학성분, 그리고 결정구조의 변화를 동시에 확인 할 수 있어 광물 상전이에 따른 석면의 무해화를 연구하는데 효과적인 방법으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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