Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
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Light Conditions and Characteristics of Leaves and Fruit at Different Canopy Positions in Slender-spindle 'Hongro' Apple Trees

세장방추형 '홍로' 사과나무의 수관 부위별 수광상태와 잎 및 과실의 특성

  • Song, Ju-Hee (Jangsu Agricultural Technique Center) ;
  • Kang, In-Kyu (Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Choi, Dong Geun (Department of Horticulture, Chonbuk National University)
  • Received : 2013.10.24
  • Accepted : 2014.04.29
  • Published : 2014.09.30
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Abstract

For this analysis, canopies of slender-spindle 'Hongro'/M9 apple trees were divided into 4 positions: upper, lower, exterior, and interior parts. The photosynthetic rate was highest in the external part of the upper canopy of the tree, where it was 4.5 times higher than in the internal part of the lower canopy. This difference was closely associated with differences in light penetration based on canopy position. Analysis of leaf growth characteristics showed that the leaves situated in the internal part of the canopy were larger and thinner than those in the external part of the canopy. The difference in leaf thickness was mainly due to thickness of the primary layer of palisade tissues (68.5 and $110.3{\mu}m$ for internal and external leaves, respectively). Fruit weight and quality were closely related to the extent of light penetration. Fruit weight, soluble solid content, and red skin color were higher in the fruits from the external part of the canopy. Thus, fruit maturity was delayed in the internal part of canopy. The fruit skin and wax layer were thicker in fruits from the internal canopy than in those from the external canopy. Therefore, our results indicate a need for improved light penetration in internal parts of the canopy and for split harvesting depending on maturity at different canopy positions.

'홍로'/M.9 세장방추형 수형에서 수관위치에 따른 광환경과 잎과 과실의 특성을 구명하기 위하여 수관을 상부와 하부, 그리고 내부와 외부로 나누어 조사하였다. 수관상단의 외부가 투광량이 가장 높았고, 광합성속도는 수관하단의 내부보다 약 4.5배 높게 나타났다. 잎의 생장은 수관 내부 잎이 외부 잎보다 더 넓고 얇았으며, 잎의 책상조직 첫번째 층의 두께는 수관외부($110.3{\mu}m$)가 수관내부($68.5{\mu}m$)보다 두꺼웠다. 과중, 가용성 고형물 함량 및 착색도는 투광률이 높은 수관외부의 과실이 내부보다 높았다. 과실의 가용성 유리당 함량은 수관외부 과실이 내부보다 높았다. 수관내부의 과실은 숙기가 지연되었다. 과피는 수관내부 과실에서 더 두꺼웠고 왁스층의 발달도 많게 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 수관내부의 광환경을 개선하기 위한 노력과 수관 부위별로 숙기에 따른 분할 수확이 필요함을 제시하였다.

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References

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