한국농림기상학회지 (Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology)

  • 제16권3호
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  • Pages.169-180
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  • 2014
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  • 1229-5671(pISSN)
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  • 2288-1859(eISSN)
한국농림기상학회 (Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology)
권호 표지
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대기 중 이산화탄소의 증가가 산림 토양의 화학적 풍화작용에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Elevated Atmoshpheric CO2 on Chemical Weathering of Forest Soils

  • 오능환 (서울대학교 환경대학원 환경계획학과)
  • Oh, Neung-Hwan (Department of Environmental Planning, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University)
  • 투고 : 2014.08.25
  • 심사 : 2014.09.26
  • 발행 : 2014.09.30
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초록

산림토양의 화학적 풍화작용은 대기 중 $CO_2$의 농도를 지질학적 연대에 걸쳐 줄이는 기작일 뿐만 아니라 수목의 생장에 필요한 많은 영양소를 얻게해주는 중요한 반응이다. 대기 중 $CO_2$의 농도 증가($eCO_2$)가 산림의 탄소 저장 능력에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 1990년대부터 상부 개방형 온실(Open top chamber) 실험과 FACE(Free air $CO_2$ enrichment) 실험을 통해 활발히 이루어졌으나 $eCO_2$가 산림토양의 풍화작용에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 그 중요성에도 불구하고 상대적으로 드물다. 이 총설에서는 대기 중 $CO_2$의 증가가 산림토양의 화학적 풍화작용에 미치는 영향에 대한 기존의 연구 결과를 정리하고 앞으로 필요한 연구에 대해 제언한다. 산림토양의 풍화작용이 $eCO_2$ 하에서 어떻게 변화할 지에 대해 과거에 비해 진전된 연구 결과가 최근 보고되었으나 거대한 부피를 가진 산림 토양이 미래의 $eCO_2$ 대기 하에서 어떻게 반응할 지는 여전히 명확하지 않다. 연구 대상지의 실험군 처리 전 자료를 세밀히 분석하고, 열대 지방에서 극지에 이르는 넓은 지역을 포괄하는 산림토양의 풍화작용에 대한 연구를 진행하면 지구의 생명체를 지속시키는 동력인 토양이 기후변화 하에서 어떻게 변화할 지에 대한 중요한 정보를 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

Chemical weathering of forest soils can reduce atmospheric $CO_2$ concentration over geologic time scales, providing many essential elements for life. Although many studies have been conducted on the effects of elevated atmospheric $CO_2$ on forest carbon storage using open top chambers and FACE (Free air $CO_2$ enrichment) facilities since the 1990s, studies on chemical weathering of forest soils under elevated $CO_2$ are relatively rare. Here I review on how elevated atmospheric $CO_2$ can affect the chemical weathering of forest soils and suggest directions on future research. Despite the recent advances in chemical weathering of forest soils under elevated atmospheric $CO_2$, it is still not clear how the large volume of forest soils would react under the condition. Future studies on weathering of forest soils covering large areas from the tropics to the polar regions with carefully monitored pre-treatment data would provide key information on how soils, the Earth's life sustaining engine, change under climate change.

키워드

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