DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Verifying the Suitability or Unsuitability of the Opening Force Criteria Applied to Air Pressurized Access Door to a Smoke Control Zone

급기 가압 제연구역 출입문에 적용되는 개방력 기준의 적합성 여부에 관한 연구

  • Lee, Jae-Ou (Department of Fire Safety Engineering, Jeonju University) ;
  • Choi, Chung-Seog (Department of Fire Safety Engineering, Jeonju University)
  • 이재오 (전주대학교 소방안전공학과) ;
  • 최충석 (전주대학교 소방안전공학과)
  • Received : 2014.04.28
  • Accepted : 2014.09.11
  • Published : 2014.09.30

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify the suitability or unsuitability of Korean body types by measuring the opening force criteria of an air pressurized access door to a smoke control zone. The opening force criteria were verified by comparing the NFSC 501A, NFPA 92A and BS-EN 12101-6 based on the body standards information from the Korean Agency for Technology and Standards. When measuring the opening forces, the posture of the body should be standing upright and pushing an access door with the right hand, which is a criterion for designing doors. As a result of analyzing the actual measurement results, the pushing force of men and women in their 30's was the maximum value and the forces in those in their 60's was the minimum value. In addition, the deviations in the pushing forces varied considerably. As a result of comparing the NFSC 501A, the men showed lower values than the criteria in every gender and age variable except for the 20's, 30's and 50's variable. A comparison of the criteria of NFPA 92A showed that the mean of the measured values from every gender and age was also lower than the criteria. In addition, when comparing the criteria of BS-EN 12101-6, it was found that the men in every age variable were higher than the criteria. On the other hand, the women in every age variable were lower than the criteria. Therefore, considering the Korean body type against the Western body type, it was decided that the opening force of an access door to a smoke control area to make a downward adjustment should be 110 N in the local criteria. Furthermore, the criteria should consider the characteristics of buildings and users because an optional application of the international standard is not necessarily suitable for local situations.

본 연구에서는 급기 가압 제연구역 출입문의 개방력 기준을 실측하여 한국인의 체형에 적합한지 여부를 검증하였다. 개방력 기준의 검증은 기술표준원의 인체표준정보를 근거로 NFSC 501A, NFPA 92A 및 BS-EN 12101-6와 비교하였다. 개방력을 측정할 때 인체의 자세는 일어서서 오른손으로 출입문을 미는 것을 기준으로 하였다. 실측한 값을 분석한 결과 30대 남성 및 여성이 미는 힘의 최대값을 나타냈고, 60대에서 최소값을 나타냈다. 또한 모든 연령에서 미는 힘의 편차가 크게 발생한 것으로 확인되었다. NFSC 501A 와 비교한 결과 남성은 20대, 30대, 50대를 제외한 모든 성별과 연령에서 기준보다 낮은 값을 나타냈다. 또한 NFPA 92A 의 기준과 비교할 때 모든 성별과 연령에서 측정치의 평균이 기준보다 낮다. 그리고 BS-EN 12101-6 의 기준과 비교할 때 남성은 모든 연령에서 기준보다 높았으며, 여성은 모든 연령에서 기준보다 낮은 것으로 측정되었다. 따라서 신체적 조건이 외국인과 다른 한국인의 체형을 고려할 때 현재 적용되고 있는 제연구역 출입문의 개방력의 국내 기준 110 N은 하향 조정할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 국제 기준을 임의로 사용하는 것도 문제가 있으므로 건축물과 사용자의 특성을 고려한 기준의 적용이 필요하다는 것을 제안하고자 한다.

Keywords

References

  1. J. O. Lee, C. S. Choi, "Study on the Analysis of Differential Pressure of the Access Door for a Smoke Control Zone and the Effectiveness of the Measurement Criteria of its Opening Force", Journal of Korean Institute of Fire Science & Engineering, Vol. 26, No. 04, pp. 24-30, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/KIFSE.2012.26.4.024
  2. J. O. Lee, C. S. Choi, "Study on the Assessment of the Criteria on a Door Closer for the Optimum Design of the Access Door of a Smoke Control Zone", Journal of Korean Institute of Fire Science & Engineering, Vol. 27 No. 03, pp. 66-71, 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/KIFSE.2013.27.3.066
  3. SFPE, "SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineerng", Third Edition, Section 4, Chapter 12 Smoke Control, Chapter 13 Smoke Management in Covered Malls and Atria, pp. 274-310, 2002.
  4. Dougal Drysdale, "An Introduction to Fire Dynamics", Second Edition, Chapter 11, The Production and movement of smoke, pp. 386-401, 2002.
  5. NEMA, National Fire Safety Code, "NFSC 501A of stair cases of specific fire escape stairs and smoke control systems of ancillary rooms", Administrator at National Emergency Management Agency, 2012.
  6. Korea Fire Safety Association, "Fire Technician-job training", 2013.
  7. Korean Industrial Standard, "KS F 2806 Test methods or checking floor-hinges and door-closers method", Korean Standards Association, 2005.
  8. Korean Industrial Standard, "KS F 4505 Door closer", Korean Standards Association, 2005.
  9. NFPA 92A, "Standard for smoke-control system utilizing barriers and pressure differences", 2009.
  10. BS EN 12101-6, "Smoke and heat control systems", Specification for pressure differential systems, 2005.
  11. Ministry of Industry usual, "Human Dimensions Research", 2010.

Cited by

  1. Reliability Analysis of the Access Door Opening Force Measurement Value of a Pressurized Smoke Control Zone Using an Analog Force Gauge vol.15, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2015.15.3.1