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T1-weighted FLAIR MR Imaging for the Evaluation of Enhancing Brain Tumors: Comparison with Spin Echo Imaging

조영증강을 보이는 뇌종양의 평가에 있어 T1강조 FLAIR 영상과 스핀에코 MR 영상의 비교

  • Jeong, Boseul (Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Dae Seob (Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Hwa Seon (Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Hye Young (Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Mi Jung (Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jeon, Kyung Nyeo (Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Na, Jae Beom (Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Sung Hoon (Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine)
  • 정보슬 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 영상의학교실) ;
  • 최대섭 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 영상의학교실) ;
  • 신화선 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 영상의학교실) ;
  • 최혜영 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 영상의학교실) ;
  • 박미정 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 영상의학교실) ;
  • 전경녀 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 영상의학교실) ;
  • 나재범 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 영상의학교실) ;
  • 정성훈 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 영상의학교실)
  • Received : 2014.02.01
  • Accepted : 2014.05.19
  • Published : 2014.06.30

Abstract

Purpose : Spin-echo (SE) technique is most commonly used pulse sequence for T1-weighted MR imaging. T1-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T1FLAIR) is a relatively new pulse sequence and it provides higher tissue contrast between the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) of the brain than T1-weighted SE (T1SE) sequence. However, there has been controversy for the evaluation of enhancing brain tumors with T1FLAIR compared to T1SE. The purpose of this study was to compare T1FLAIR and T1SE sequences for the evaluation of enhancing intracranial tumors. Materials and Methods: Fifty-two patients with enhancing brain tumors were evaluated with contrast-enhanced (CE) T1SE and T1FLAIR imaging. Eight quantitative criteria were calculated: lesion-to-WM contrast ratio (CR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), lesion-to-GM CR and CNR, lesion-to-CSF CR and CNR, and WM-to-GM CR and CNR. For qualitative evaluation, two radiologists assessed lesion conspicuity on CE T1SE and T1FLAIR sequences with three-scale: 1, T1SE superior; 2, sequence equal; T1FLAIR superior. Results: Seventy-nine tumors (31 primaries, 48 metastases) were assessed. For quantitative measurement, the T1FLAIR lesion-to-GM, lesion-to-CSF, WM-to-GM CR and CNR values were comparable and statistically superior to those of the T1SE images (p < 0.001 in all). However, lesion-to-WM CR and CNR were similar on both two sequences without statistically significant difference (p = 0.661, 0.662, respectively). For qualitative evaluation, both radiologists assessed that T1FLAIR images were superior to T1SE images for the evaluation of lesion conspicuity. Conclusion: For the evaluation of enhancing intracranial tumors, T1FLAIR sequence was superior or comparable to T1SE sequence.

목적: T1강조 MR영상은 뇌의 해부학적 구조와 병리학적 이상을 보여 주는 기본적인 영상기법의 하나로, 전통적으로 스핀에코(SE) 기법을 이용하여 획득하고 있다. 최근 FLAIR 기법을 이용하여 T1강조영상을 얻을 수 있게 되었으며, SE보다 높은 대조도의 영상을 제공한다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 조영증강을 보이는 뇌종양의 평가에 있어 T1 FLAIR 영상의 유용성에 대해서는 논란이 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 조영증강을 보이는 두개 내 종양의 평가에 있어 SE T1강조영상과 비교하여 T1 FLAIR영상의 유용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 총 52명 환자의 79개 병변을 대상으로 하였다. 각 환자에서 조영증강 후 SE T1강조영상과 T1 FLAIR 영상을 획득하였다. 정량적 분석으로 각각의 영상에서 병변, 뇌회색질(GM), 뇌백질(WM), 뇌척수액(CSF), 배경(background)의 신호강도를 측정하였고, 이를 바탕으로 병변과 WM, 병변과 GM, 병변과 CSF, WM와 GM의 contrast ratio(CR), contrast-to-noise(CNR)를 계산하였다. 정성적 분석으로 두 명의 영상의학과 의사가 각 영상에서 병변의 명확도(lesion conspicuity)를 비교 하였다. 결과: 정량적 분석 결과에서 T1 FLAIR영상의 병변과 GM, 병변과 CSF, WM와 GM의 CR, CNR 모두 SE T1강조영상보다 우월하였으며 이는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 그러나 병변과 WM의 CR, CNR은 비슷하였으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 정성적 분석에서 두 영상의학과 의사 모두 병변의 명확도에 있어 T1 FLAIR영상이 SE영상보다 우월하다고 평가하였다. 결론: 조영증강을 보이는 뇌종양의 평가에 있어 T1 FLAIR영상은 SE T1강조영상보다 우수하거나 필적한 결과를 보였다.

Keywords

References

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