초록
본 논문에서는 해군함정의 추진용 디젤엔진의 연료로 사용되는 선박용 디젤연료와 바이오디젤을 단기통 엔진에 적용시켜 연료분사시기에 따른 실린더 내 연소특성, 엔진성능 및 질소산화물 배출 특성을 분석하고, 초고속 카메라를 이용하여 선박용 디젤연료와 바이오디젤연료의 연소과정을 분석하는데 초점을 두었다. 연료분사시기가 $BTDC25^{\circ}CA$에서 $BTDC5^{\circ}CA$까지 지각될수록 실린대 내 연소최고압력은 점점 떨어졌으나, 토크는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 질소산화물은 $BTDC15^{\circ}CA$에서 가장 높게 측정되었으며, $BTDC15^{\circ}CA$를 기준으로 지각 및 진각조건에서는 저감되는 것으로 분석되었다. 연료분사시기가 $BTDC5^{\circ}CA$일 때 선박용 디젤연료와 바이오디젤연료의 연소과정을 비교한 결과 산소가 포함된 바이오디젤연료의 착화시기가 선박용 디젤연료보다 빠르나, 화염이 확산되어 발달할수록 화염강도는 선박용 디젤연료가 큰 것으로 분석되었다.
The objective of this work presented here was focused on analysis of in-cylinder combustion characteristic, engine performance, and nitrogen oxides emission characteristic from marine gas oil for propulsion diesel engine of naval vessels and biodiesel with fuel injection timing in a single cylinder diesel engine. In addition, combustion process was analyzed with a high speed camera of marine gas oil and biodiesel fuel. Retarding the fuel injection timing from $BTDC25^{\circ}CA$ to $BTDC5^{\circ}CA$, in cylinder peak combustion pressure was gradually decreased, however, engine torque showed a tendency to increase. The highest nitrogen oxides level was measured at $BTDC15^{\circ}CA$, they were reduced at retarded and advanced condition on the basis of $BTDC15^{\circ}CA$. Comparing with combustion process of marine gas oil and biodiesel fuel at $BTDC5^{\circ}CA$, self-ignition timing of biodiesel fuel included oxygen content was faster than marine gas oil, however, a cautious observation indicates a slightly higher flame intensity for marin gas oil than biodiesel as a diffusion flame is developing.
