Korean Journal of Community Nutrition (대한지역사회영양학회지)

The Korean Society of Community Nutrition (대한지역사회영양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of Nutrition Education Program for Consumers to Reduce Sodium Intake Applying the Social Cognitive Theory - Based on Focus Group Interviews -

사회인지론 모델을 적용한 나트륨 섭취 줄이기 소비자 영양교육 프로그램 개발 - 포커스그룹 인터뷰에 기초하여-

  • Ahn, So-Hyun (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University) ;
  • Kim, Hye-Kyeong (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung Min (Department of Food and Nutrition, Baewha Women's University) ;
  • Yoon, Jin-Sook (Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University) ;
  • Kwon, Jong Sook (Department of Food and Nutrition, Shingu College)
  • 안소현 (가톨릭대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김혜경 (가톨릭대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김경민 (배화여자대학교 식품영양과) ;
  • 윤진숙 (계명대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 권종숙 (신구대학교 식품영양과)
  • Received : 2014.07.15
  • Accepted : 2014.08.26
  • Published : 2014.08.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to develop nutrition education program for consumers to reduce sodium intake based on social cognitive theory (SCT). Methods: The main factors of SCT related to low sodium diet were investigated by using focus group interview (FGI) with 30 women who participated in consumer organizations. Results: The main target groups for the education program were housewives (H), parents (P), and the office workers (OW), for which we considered their influences on other people and the surroundings. According to the results of FGI, in carrying out low sodium diet, 'positive outcome expectation' were prevention of chronic disease and healthy dietary habit, and 'negative outcome expectation' were low palatability of foods, difficulty in cooking meals, and limited choice of foods. The contents of the program and education materials were individualized by each group to raise self-efficacy and behavioral capability, which reflected the results of the FGI. The program included 'salt intake and health' to raise positive outcome expectation. For improving the ability to practice low-sodium diet, the program contained the contents that focused on 'cooking' and 'food purchasing' for H, on 'purchasing and selection of low-sodium food with the children' for P, and on 'way of selecting restaurant menu' for OW. Also the program included 'way of choosing the low-sodium foods when eating out' with suggestions on sodium content of the dishes and snacks. Further, 'dietary guidelines to reduce sodium intake' was also suggested to help self-regulation. Conclusions: This nutrition education program and education materials could be utilized for the community education and provide the basis for further consumer targeted education program for reducing sodium intake.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn SH, Kwon JS, Kim K, Yoon JS, Kang BW, Kim JW, Heo S, Cho HY, Kim HK (2012): Study on the eating habits and practicability of guidelines for reducing sodium intake according to the stage of change in housewives. Korean J Community Nutr 17(6): 724-736 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.6.724
  2. Bandura A (2001): Social cognitive theory of mass communication. Media Psychol 3(3): 265-299 https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532785XMEP0303_03
  3. Bandura A (2002): Social cognitive theory in cultural context. Appl Psychol 51(2): 269-290 https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00092
  4. Bandura A (2004): Health promotion by social cognitive means. Health Educ Behav 31(2): 143-164 https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198104263660
  5. Blaustein MP, Hamlyn JM (1983): Role of a natriuretic factor in essential hypertension: an hypothesis. Ann Intern Med 98(5 Pt 2): 785-792 https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-5-785
  6. Boyle MA, Morris DH (1999): Community nutrition in action: an entrepreneurial approach. 2nd ed. Belmont (CA), Wadsworth Pub. Co.
  7. Chobanian AV, Hill M (2000): National heart, lung, and blood institute workshop on sodium and blood pressure : a critical review of current scientific evidence. Hypertension 35(4): 858-863 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.35.4.858
  8. Anderson ES, Winett RA, Wojcik JR (2007): Self-regulation, selfefficacy, outcome expectations, and social support: social cognitive theory and nutrition behavior. Ann Behav Med 34(3): 304-312 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02874555
  9. Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K (2008): Three: the health belief model. In: Champion VL, Skinner CS, eds. Health behavior and health education: theory, research, and practice. 4th ed. San Francisco (CA), Joseey-Bass, pp. 45-62
  10. Glanz K, Lewis FM, Romer BK (1997): 1. The scope of health promotion and health education. In: Glanz K, Lewis FM, Romer BK eds. Health behavior and health education: theory, research, and practice. 2nd ed. San Francisco (CA), Joseey-Bass Publishers, pp. 3-18
  11. Hearn MD, Baranowski T, Baranowski J, Doyle C, Matthew S, Lin LS, Resnicow K (1998): Environmental influences on dietary behavior among children: availability and accessibility of fruits and vegetables enable consumption. J Health educ 29(1): 26-32 https://doi.org/10.1080/10556699.1998.10603294
  12. Huh GY (2003): Risk factor analysis of hypertension and development of FFQ and nutrition education program. Dissertation, The Catholic University of Korea, pp. 120-148
  13. Chung EJ, Shim E (2008): Salt-related dietary behaviors and sodium intakes of university students in Gyeonggi-do. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 37(5): 578-588 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.5.578
  14. Jung YY, Shin EK, Lee HJ, Lee NH, Chun BY, Ann MY, Lee YK (2009): Development and evaluation of a nutrition education program on sodium reduction in elementary school students. Korean J Community Nutr 14(6): 746-755
  15. Jung EJ, Son SM, Kwon JS (2012): The effect of sodium reduction education program of a public health center on the blood pressure, blood biochemical profile and sodium intake of hypertensive adults. Korean J Community Nutr 17(6): 752-771 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.6.752
  16. Chapman-Novakofski K, Karduck J (2005): Improvement in knowledge, social cognitive theory variables, and movement through stages of change after a community-based diabetes education program. J Am Diet Assoc 105(10): 1613-1616 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2005.07.010
  17. Kim S (2004): A baseline study on housewife-consumer education in the information society. Korean J Hum Ecol 13(3): 425-440
  18. Kim HH, Shin EK, Lee HJ, Lee NH, Chun BY, Ahn MY, Lee YK (2009): Evaluation of the effectiveness of a salt reduction program for employees. Korean J Nutr 42(4): 350-357 https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2009.42.4.350
  19. Kim YS, Lee MJ (2011): Effects of nutrition education through social cognitive theory in elementary school students -Focusing on the nutrition education of sugar intake-. Korean J Food Nutr 24(2): 246-257 https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2011.24.2.246
  20. Son SM (2010): A symposium of reducing sodium intake. Cheongju, Korea Food and Drug Administration; Korea Health Industry Development Institute, pp. 7-12
  21. Korea Food and Drug Administration (2014a): Healthy menu with reduced sodium. Available from http://www.foodnara.go.kr/lowna/ index.do [cited June 20, 2014]
  22. Korea Food and Drug Administration (2014b): Headquarters of reducing sodium intake. Available from http://www.foodnara. go.kr/Na_down/res/contents/natrium1.jsp [cited June 20, 2014]
  23. Lee Y, Park HN (2010): The effectiveness of na education program in elementary school: six month follow-up study. Korean J Community Nutr 15(5): 603-613
  24. Lennie TA, Worrall-Carter L, Hammash M, Odom-Forren J, Roser LP, Smith CS, Trupp R, Chung ML, Moser DK (2008): Relationship of heart failure patients' knowledge, perceived barriers, and attitudes regarding low-sodium diet recommendations to adherence. Prog Cardiovasc Nurs 23(1): 6-11 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7117.2008.04628.x
  25. Mansyur CL, Pavlik VN, Hyman DJ, Taylor WC, Goodrick GK (2013): Self-efficacy and barriers to multiple behavior change in low-income African Americans with hypertension. J Behav Med 36(1): 75-85 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-012-9403-7
  26. Miller CK, Edwards L, Kissling G, Sanville L (2002): Evaluation of a theory-based nutrition intervention for older adults with diabetes mellitus. J Am Diet Assoc 102(8): 1069-1081 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90242-7
  27. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012): Korea Health Statistics 2011: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-2). Cheongwon, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  28. Moon EH, Kim KW (2011): Evaluation of nutrition education for hypertension patients aged 50 years and over. Korean J Community Nutr 16(1): 62-74 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.1.62
  29. Mori K, Suzuki H, Wang DH, Takaki J, Takigawa T, Ogino K (2009): Relationship of psychological factors with physical activity stage of change in prime-and middle-aged Japanese. Acta Med Okayama 63(2): 97-104
  30. Park N, Sohn S (2010): The effects of food safety education on children's food safety knowledge, belief, attitude, and behavior. Consum Policy Educ Rev 6(1): 47-66
  31. Park S, Kwon JS, Kim CI, Lee Y, Kim HK (2012): Development of nutrition education program for hypertension based on health belief model, applying focus group interview. Korean J Community Nutr 17(5): 623-636 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.5.623
  32. Sallis JF, Glanz K (2009): Physical activity and food environments: solutions to the obesity epidemic. Milbank Q 87(1): 123-154 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0009.2009.00550.x
  33. Sheahan SL, Fields B (2008): Sodium dietary restriction, knowledge, beliefs, and decision-making behavior of older females. J Am Acad Nurse Pract 20(4): 217-224 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2008.00307.x
  34. Silverman D (2010): Doing qualitative research. 3rd ed. London, SAGE
  35. Son SM, Park YS, Lim WJ, Kim SB, Jeong YS (2007a): Development and evaluation of validity of short dish frequency questionnaire (DFQ) for estimation of habitual sodium intake for Korean adults. Korean J Community Nutr 12(6): 838-853
  36. Son SM, Lee KH, Kim KW, Lee YK (2007b): Social cognitive theory. In: Nutrition education and counseling, Seoul, Lifescience, pp. 19-25
  37. Winett RA, Anderson ES, Wojcik JR, Winett SG, Bowden T (2007): Guide to health: nutrition and physical activity outcomes of a group-randomized trial of an internet-based intervention in churches. Ann Behav Med 33(3): 251-261 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02879907
  38. Yim KS (2008): The effects of a nutrition education program for hypertensive female elderly at the public health center. Korean J Community Nutr 13(5): 640-652
  39. Yoo T, Yoo HR (2009): Part two: models of Individual health behavior. In: Health behavior and health education: theory, research, and practice. 3rd ed, English written by Glanz K, Rimer BK, Lewis FM. Seoul, Koonja, pp. 43-69
  40. Yoon HS, Lee H, Lee SK (2008): Factors associated with the use of health promotion program -Seoul community health center-. Health Soc Welf Rev 28(2): 157-184 https://doi.org/10.15709/hswr.2008.28.2.157
  41. Zhang J, Xu AQ, Ma JX, Shi XM, Guo XL, Engelgau M, Yan LX, Li Y, Li YC, Wang HC, Lu ZL, Zhang JY, Liang XF (2013): Dietary sodium intake: knowledge, attitudes and practices in Shandong province, China, 2011. PLoS One 8(3): e58973 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058973

Cited by

  1. 사회인지론과 건강신념모델을 적용한 저소득층 아동 대상 영양교육 프로그램 개발 vol.20, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.3.165
  2. 사회인지론에 근거한 나트륨 섭취 줄이기 소비자 영양교육 프로그램의 효과 평가 vol.20, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2015.20.6.433
  3. ‘When operating a cafeteria, sales come before nutrition’ - finding barriers and facilitators to serving reduced-sodium meals in worksite cafeterias vol.19, pp.8, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015002827
  4. 보호동기이론을 적용한 나트륨 과다섭취에 따른 위험성 및 나트륨 섭취 감소 방안의 효과성에 대한 부산·경남 지역 남녀 대학생들의 인식 비교 연구 vol.32, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2016.32.1.136
  5. 요양시설 거주 노인의 에너지와 영양소 섭취 실태 및 식품선호도 조사 vol.21, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.2.200
  6. 학교 급식 영양(교)사의 나트륨 저감화 인식도, 실천도 및 저감화 방안 vol.32, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2016.32.2.222
  7. 유아의 당 저감화를 위한 프로그램의 효과평가 vol.22, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.14373/jkda.2016.22.3.179
  8. 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 이용한 젊은 성인 여성의 식생활 실태 및 관련 요인 - 사회인지론에 근거하여 - vol.21, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.4.332
  9. 가공식품의 나트륨함량표시 개선을 위한 소비자 인식도 조사 vol.32, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7318/kjfc/2017.32.3.244