References
- TSNE, "ANSYS CFD Fluent Basic", 2012.
- Trans Canada and Exxon Mobil, "Alaska Pipeline Project: Draft-Resource Report 1 - Rev0, General Project Description", 2011.
DOI QR Code
This paper describes thermal flow characteristics in various pipelines: straight pipeline and curved pipeline. In the permafrost area, pipelines are exposed to an extremely low temperature (