DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

보육교사의 일반적 배경이 보육교사의 직업만족도에 미치는 영향 : 자기효능감과 직무스트레스의 매개효과를 중심으로

Job Satisfaction among Korean Child Care Teachers : The Effects of Background Characteristics, Self-efficacy and Job Stress

  • 투고 : 2014.04.22
  • 심사 : 2014.08.12
  • 발행 : 2014.08.31

초록

This study examined how child care teachers' background characteristics, self-efficacy and job stress relate to their job satisfaction. Participants were 400 child care teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi, Korea. Structural equation models were developed based on the authors' hypothesized model, which proposed that teachers' self-efficacy and job stress have a mediating effect in the relationship between teachers' background characteristics and job satisfaction. The results revealed that career directly influenced on self-efficacy and job stress but had no direct effect on job satisfaction. Education level was found to have a direct effect on job stress but had no direct effect on self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Teachers' self-efficacy affected job stress and job satisfaction and job stress affected job satisfaction. Furthermore, self-efficacy mediated the effects of career on job stress and job satisfaction. Additionally, job stress mediated the effects of education level and self-efficacy on job satisfaction. These results suggested that teachers' self-efficacy and job stress were key predictors and mediating variables in the relationship between background characteristics and job satisfaction.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Alkon, A., Ramler, M., & MacLennan, K. (2003). Evaluation of mental health consultation in child care centers. Early Childhood Education Journal, 31, 91-99. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:ECEJ.0000005307.00142.3c
  2. Anderson, R. N., Greene, M. L., & Loewen, P. S. (1988). Relationships among teachers' and students' thinking skills, sense of efficacy, and student achievement. The Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 34, 148-165.
  3. Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Borgogni, L., & Steca, P. (2003). Efficacy beliefs an determinants of teachers' job satisfaction. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95, 821-832. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.95.4.821
  4. Cho, S. Y. (2005a). A job stress and self-efficacy of child care teachers. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 26(4), 55-70.
  5. Cho, S. Y. (2005b). Child care teacher's job satisfaction and self-esteem. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 26(1), 359-373.
  6. Chung, H. W., & Lee, O. H. (2011). The influence of job stress, ego-resiliency and social support on job satisfaction among beginning and experienced preschool teachers. International Journal of Early Childhood Education, 31(3), 31-54.
  7. Do, S. N. (1999). The analysis of the effects of kindergarten teachers' job stress, psychological, and demographic variables on their job attitudes. Unpublished master's thesis, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
  8. Domitrovich, C. E., Gest, S. D., Gill, S., Jones, D., & DeRousie, R. S. (2009). Individual factors associated with professional development training outcomes of the Head Start REDI program. Early Education and Development, 20, 402-430. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409280802680854
  9. Howes, C., Pillips, D. A., & Whitehook, M. (1991). Thresholds of quality: Implications for the social development of children in center-based child care. Child Development, 63, 449-460.
  10. Im, Y. S. (2001). A study on the relationship between early childhood teachers' self-concept and job satisfaction. Unpublished master's thesis, Catholic University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
  11. Kang, H. K. (2002). A study on the effects of daycare teachers' job stress on their job satisfaction. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
  12. Kang, J. E., & Song, D. (2010). Factors affecting teacher's sense of efficacy among teacher of childcare center. The Women's Studies, 79(2). 81-114.
  13. Kang, Y. S., & Kim, M. K. (2011). The relationship between child-care teachers' job stress and belief of teaching efficacy. Journal of Korean Child Care and Education, 7(4), 325-352.
  14. Kim, E. S. (2009). A study on professional development of child care workers. Korea Institute of Child Care & Education.
  15. Kim, H. J., & Lee, B. R. (1999). A study on factors influencing teacher's sense of efficacy. The Journal of Korean Teacher Education. 16(1), 161-181.
  16. Kim, J. A. (2010). A study of the relationship between a child care teacher's job satisfaction and turnover Intention. Unpublished master's thesis, Kangnam University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
  17. Kim, M. S. (2012). A relationship between the director's leadership characteristics recognized by teacher sand the job satisfaction together with the turnover intention of child care teachers. Unpublished master's thesis, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea.
  18. Kim, Y. A., & Kim, K. E. (2012). Teacher self-efficacy and job stress as predictors of the job satisfaction of infant teacher. The Korean Journal of the Human Development, 19(1), 105-121.
  19. Kim, Y. J. (2003). A study on infant nursing teachers' recognition of professional and job stress. Unpublished master's thesis, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
  20. Kim, Y. S., Cheon, Y. J., & Park, J. Y. (2013). A study of the relationship between teachers' efficacy and difficulties on job performance depended on self-esteem of child care teachers. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 12(4), 1646-1653.
  21. Klassen, R. M., & Chiu, M. M. (2010). Effects on teachers' self-efficacy and job satisfaction: Teacher gender, years of experience, and job stress. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(3), 741-756. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019237
  22. Kwon, K. T. (1990). A study on the occupational stress and methods of coping with stress among teachers. Unpublished master's thesis, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea.
  23. Lee, H. J. (1998). A study on a teacher-efficacy scale development. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
  24. Lee, J. W. (2004). A comparative study of self-esteem and job satisfaction between daycare centre teachers and kindergarten teachers. Korea Journal of Child Care and Education, 37, 127-149.
  25. Lee, S. H., & Park, Y. S. (2007). A study on child care teachers' efficacy and job satisfaction. The Journal of Korea Open Association for Early Childhood Education, 12(1), 31-50.
  26. Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. Hand book.
  27. Min, H. Y., & Yoon, M. J. (2011). According to the age a study job stress and job satisfaction for childcare teachers. Journal of Future Early Childhood Education, 18(3), 147-168.
  28. Ministry of Health & Welfare (2012). Child care policy and statistics.
  29. Moracco, J., Danford, D., & D'Arienzo, R. V. (1982). The factorial validity of the teacher occupational stress factor questionnaire. Educational and psychological Measurement, 42, 275-283. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164482421034
  30. Muijs, R. D., & Rejnolds, D. (2001). Teachers' beliefs and behaviors: What really matters. Journal of Classroom Interaction, 37, 3-15.
  31. Noh, S. K. (2008). The study of the servant leadership's effect on job satisfaction and the intent of job turnover. Unpublished master's thesis, Changwon National University, Kyungnam, Korea.
  32. Park, H. S., & Lee, H. K. (2008). A study on the relationships between early childhood teacher's environmental education teaching efficacy beliefs and their training, experience, environmental education perceptions and proenvironmental attitudes. Journal of Early Childhood Education, 28(2), 51-68.
  33. Raver, C. C., Jones, S. M., Li-Grining, C., Zhai, F., Metzger, M. W., & Solomon, B. (2009). Targeting children's behavior problems in preschool classrooms: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(2), 302-16. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015302
  34. Ross, J. A. (1992). Teacher efficacy and the effects of coaching on student achievement. Canadian Journal of Education, 17, 51-65. https://doi.org/10.2307/1495395
  35. Schwarzer, R., & Hallum, S. (2008). Perceived teacher self-efficacy as a predictor of job stress and burnout: Mediation analysis. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57, 152-171. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00359.x
  36. Seoul Educare Information Center. (2012). 2012 Chid care statistics.
  37. Skaalvik, E. M., & Skaalvik, S. (2010). Teacher self-efficacy and teacher burnout: A study of relations. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(4), 1059-1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2009.11.001
  38. Talmor, R., Reiter, S., & Feigin, N. (2005). Factors relating to regular education teacher burnout in inclusive education. European Journal of Special Needs, 20, 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856250500055735
  39. Taylor, D. L., & Tashakkori, A. (1994). Predicting teachers' sense of efficacy and job satisfaction using school climate and participatory decision making. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Southwest Educational Research Association in San Antorio, TX.
  40. Vroom, Y. H. (1964). Work and motivation. NY: John wiley and Sons.
  41. Woolfolk Hoy, A., & Davis, H. A. (2006). Teacher self-efficacy and its influence on the achievement of adolescents. In F. Pajares & T. Urdan (Eds.), Self-efficacy of adolescents (pp.117-137). Greenwich, Connecticut: Information Age Publishing.
  42. Yoon, H. M., & Kwon, H. K. (2003). Job-related stress and job satisfaction of teachers in educare centers. Koran Journal of Human Ecology, 12(3), 303-319.
  43. Youn, J. S. (2013). The childcare financial indicators of a local government and childcare teachers' wage-type subsidy and job satisfaction. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
  44. Zhai, F., Raver, C. C., & Li-Grining, C. (2011). Classroom based interventions and teachers perceived job stressors and confidence: Evidence from a randomized trial in head start settings. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 26, 442-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2011.03.003
  45. Zhang, Z. (2000). A study of job satisfaction of elementary school teachers in Shanghai. Shanghai Education Research, 3, 39-42.
  46. Zhu, J., & Yang, J. (2004). Investigation on the teacher job satisfaction. Education and practice, 26(1), 63-64.
  47. Zuckerman, D. M. (1989). Stress, self-esteem, and mental health: How does gender make a difference. Sex Roles, 20, 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00288001