Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care

Korean Society for Hospice and Palliative Care (한국호스피스완화의료학회)
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Factors Influencing Perception of Good Death among the Community-dwelling Elderly

재가노인의 좋은 죽음에 대한 인지도와 가족지지의 영향

  • Received : 2014.02.17
  • Accepted : 2014.08.06
  • Published : 2014.09.01
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Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate perception of good death among the community-dwelling elderly and identify factors related to the perception. Methods: A questionnaire survey was carried out using a convenient sampling method (N=317). Data were analyzed by applying descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Participants scored an average of 3.35 on a 4-point scale for the perception level of good death. They scored higher on the factor of personal control that other factors affecting the perception. Good death was positively correlated with family support (r=0.252). Family support (${\beta}$=0.287) and gender (${\beta}$=0.197) significantly influenced the elderly's perception of good death. These variables accounted for 10.2% of the total variance. Conclusion: The results show that family support is an important factor for the perception of good death among the elderly. Therefore, family support should be carefully considered to ensure good death for more senior citizens. Our findings can be utilized to support programs such as death education for the elderly.

목적: 노년기는 죽음이 가까워지는 시기이고 노인들은 좋은 죽음을 원하지만 아직까지 노인에서 좋은 죽음의 정도와 영향요인을 규명하는 연구 자료가 부족하다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 재가노인을 대상으로 좋은 죽음의 인지도를 알아보고 그의 영향요인을 일반적 특성과 가족지지를 중심으로 살펴보았다. 방법: 대상자는 서울시, 경기도, 강원도 및 전라도의 지역사회 거주 노인들 중 편의 표출하여 연구에 참여를 서면 동의한 65세 이상의 노인 317명이었다. 구조화된 설문지 문항에는 일반적 특성, 좋은 죽음 19문항과 가족지지 11문항을 포함시켰으며 설문내용에 대해 대상자 스스로 기입하거나 자기기입이 어려운 노인은 연구자나 연구보조원이 설문에 대한 노인의 응답을 기입하는 방법으로 자료수집을 하였다. 자료분석은 기술통계, t 혹은 F 검정, 피어슨 상관계수 및 단계적 다중회귀 분석을 이용하였다. 결과: 좋은 죽음의 정도는 상으로 높은 편이었고 좋은 죽음의 요인 중 통제감이 가장 높았으며 문항별 정도는 '평화롭게 죽는 것이다'와 '죽음을 수용하는 것이다'에 이어서 '다른 사람에게 부담(폐)을 주지 않는 것이다'를 높게 인지하였다. 좋은 죽음의 인지도는 성별, 결혼상태와 경제상태에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었고 가족지지와 유의한 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 좋은 죽음에 대한 영향요인은 가족지지와 성별로 그 설명력은 10.2%이었다. 결론: 재가노인의 좋은 죽음을 위해서는 그들의 일반적 특성 중 성별, 결혼상태와 경제상태를 고려하고 중재가 가능한 가족 지지를 높여야 할 것이다. 또한 노인의 통제감을 높일 수 있는 방안을 모색하고 문항 중 높은 인지도를 나타낸 평화로운 죽음과 죽음 수용 등에 대해 초점을 맞추어 중재를 하여야 할 것이다. 나아가 본 연구결과를 기반으로 노인의 성별과 가족지지를 고려하여 그들의 좋은 죽음뿐 아니라 삶의 질이 유지, 증진될 수 있도록 지지 프로그램이나 정책 제안 등 합당한 노력을 강구하여야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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