Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회지)

Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Perspectives on the Composition Facilities of The Royal Garden at Wanggung-ri site, Iksan

익산 왕궁리유적 후원(後苑)의 조성 시설에 관한 고찰

  • 최문정 (문화재청 국립부여문화재연구소)
  • Received : 2014.08.11
  • Accepted : 2014.09.25
  • Published : 2014.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This article is the results of excavation data and it aims to interpret the composition facilities of the Royal garden at the Wanggung-ri site. The base of research was prepared through excavation and study on the royal garden at the Wanggung-ri site, which was constructed in Sa-bi period of Baek-je. The elements for the royal garden at the Wanggung-ri site were divided in 3 parts. - 1) Stonework facility 2) Installation for conveyance of water : Large moat-shaped ditch and Winding waterway(1~6 and water catchment) 3) Square cornerstone building. In this article, I arrange the basic data about facilities and function of the royal garden for making recovery of original form. First of all, I reason that stonework facilities were in charge to make space for catchment and boundary. Especially the Round angel rectangular stonework facility took charge of complex roles as catchment and water conveyance, and water can be transferred to the large moat-shaped ditch through joint between them. I confirmed that the round angel rectangular stonework facility and the large moat-shaped ditch which were connected by joint are one of the facilities in the royal garden. The large moat-shaped ditch protected the eastern, the northern walls and workshop site under the inclined plane to minimize the damage. Also, the large moat-shaped ditch took several roles, especially water catchments and landscaping. The large moat-shaped ditch was continually used from the period of Baek-je to the unified Silla, as a result it was completely deposited inside. After that, the 6 winding waterway were built in the western inclined plane with similar needs with the large moat-shaped ditch, and the square cornerstone building was built in same time. I noticed that the square cornerstone building was built as a part of the royal garden in Sa-bi period of Baek-je through the remains of Baek-je tiles around the building. After that, the square cornerstone building was built in same place as reconstruction.

본고의 검토는 익산 왕궁리유적에서 조사된 후원 조사 결과로서, 후원을 조성하고 있는 시설들에 대해 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 백제 사비기에 조성된 궁성 유적인 익산 왕궁리유적의 정원시설과 후원에 대한 조사 결과를 통해 백제의 궁내원에 대한 연구의 기초가 마련되었다. 익산 왕궁리유적의 후원을 구성하는 시설은 1) 석축시설, 2) 도수시설 : 환수구(동 서 북측 및 출수구 암거시설 등 출수시설) 및 곡수로(1~6 및 집수시설), 3) 방형초석 건물지로 나눌 수 있다. 본고에서는 후원 시설들의 조성과 배치에 대한 조사 결과를 정리하여 백제 사비기 도성에서의 궁원의 원형 복원을 위한 기초를 마련하고자 한다. 먼저, 석축시설은 물의 집수 혹은 경계의 역할을 담당하기 위한 것으로 판단된다. 특히 말각장방형석축시설은 이음부를 통해 환수구까지 물이 이동하였던 것으로 생각되며 조경, 집수 및 도수의 역할을 복합적으로 담당했던 것으로 보인다. 위의 두 시설은 궁성이 조성될 때 후원의 대표적인 시설이었다는 것을 확인하였다. 서사면의 석렬시설은 아래쪽에 위치하는 공방시설 등에 물로 인한 피해를 막기 위해 조성된 것으로 추정된다. 환수구 역시 동측궁장(성벽)과 북측궁장(성벽), 서측 경사면 아래쪽을 경계짓고 보호하는 역할을 하였다. 환수구는 물을 집수 혹은 치수하는 역할을 하였고, 동시에 관상을 위한 조경의 역할도 담당하였던 것이다. 백제~통일신라시대에 이르는 동안 환수구는 물에 의한 내부 퇴적의 진행이 이루어지며 지속적으로 사용되었던 것으로 추정된다. 이후, 환수구 내부가 완전히 퇴적된 시기에, 환수구와 동일한 필요성으로 서측 경사면에 곡수로가 새롭게 조성되었다. 구릉정상부의 방형초석 건물지는 주변의 백제 기와무지 등의 존재를 통해 백제 사비기에 처음 조성되어 이후 개축을 거치며 방형의 초석이 설치된 건물로 사용되었던 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bae, B. S. (2009). Structure Analysis of Baekje Buildings in Wanggung-ri site in Iksan. The Results and Meanings of Twenty Years of Excavation. Seoul: Jurusung.
  2. Buyeo National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(2010). Report on the Excavation of the Wanggung-ri Site in Iksan Vol VII.
  3. Buyeo National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage (2011), Short Report of the Excavation of the Wanggung-ri Site in Iksan for the 23rd.
  4. Buyeo National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(2012a), Short Report of the Excavation of the Detailed Research for the Scheduled area of Restoration in Wanggung-ri Site in Iksan for the 8th.
  5. Buyeo National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage (2012b), Short Report of the Excavation of the Wanggung-ri Site in Iksan for the 24th.
  6. Buyeo National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage (2013). Report on the Excavation of the Wanggung-ri Site in Iksan Vol IX.
  7. Choi, M. J. (2012). Review on the Royal Garden in Wanggung-ri site, Iksan. Comparative Study of Ancient Garden. Buyeo National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage.
  8. Choi, M. J. (2013). The Composition and Change aspects of The Royal Garden at the Remains of Wanggung-ri, Iksan. Open Debates in Archaeology. 13.
  9. Jeon, Y. H. (2010). Wanggung-ri site in Iksan: Study on Change from Royal Court to Temple. Castle of Korea. Proceeding of the International Symposium for the 20th Anniversary of Gyeong-ju, Buyeo and Gaya National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage.
  10. Kim, N. J (2011). The palatial Garden of Baekje. Baekje Research. p.53.
  11. Kim, Y. K. and Choi, J. H. (2004). Landscape Architecture of Korean Palace. Journal of the Korean Institute of Tranditional Landscape Architecture 22(4): 115-121.
  12. Lee, K. C. and Kang, I. A. (2010). Ancient Chinese Capital Planning from Fifth to Seventh Century and Iksan, Korea. Journal of the Korean Institute of Tranditional Landscape Architecture 8(-): 100-108.
  13. Park, S. B. (2010). The Capital City of Baekje. Jurusung Publisher.
  14. Park, Y. J. (2007). The study of gardens and ponds in Guhwangdong on Changes of those in Korea-Japan ancient times. National research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties eds. Memoirs of Cultural Heritage Studies in Korea and JapanI.
  15. Rho, J. H., Shin, S. S., Park, Y. J. and Kim, H. O. (2010). Research on Odd-Shaped Stones at Baekje's Palace Backyard in Wanggung-ri, Iksan. Journal of the Korean Institute of Tranditional Landscape Architecture 28(4): 1-13.
  16. Shin, S. S. (1997). Basic Studies on the Goksu(Curve-Stream) Banquet Remains in Korea Traditional Gardens. Journal of the Korean Institute of Tranditional Landscape Architecture 15(1): 133-141.