The Korean journal of internal medicine

The Korean Association of Internal Medicine (대한내과학회)
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Impact of outdoor air pollution on the incidence of tuberculosis in the Seoul metropolitan area, South Korea

  • Hwang, Seung-Sik (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kang, Sungchan (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Ji-Young (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Ji Sun (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hee Jin (Korean Institute of Tuberculosis) ;
  • Han, Sung Koo (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yim, Jae-Joon (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2013.06.20
  • Accepted : 2013.08.27
  • Published : 2014.03.01
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Abstract

Background/Aims: Although indoor air pollution is a well-known risk factor for tuberculosis (TB), the possible link between outdoor air pollution and TB development has not been examined fully. We assessed the impact of outdoor air pollution on TB development in the Seoul metropolitan area, South Korea. Methods: The mean concentrations of ambient particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter ${\leq}10{\mu}m$ ($PM_{10}$), $O_3$, CO, $NO_2$, and $SO_2$ levels in Seoul, between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2006, were determined. Furthermore, their association with the risk of developing TB after adjusting for socioeconomic status, between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2006, was investigated. Results: Between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2006, a total of 41,185 TB cases were reported in Seoul. Concentrations of $PM_{10}$, $O_3$, CO, and $NO_2$ were not associated with TB incidence in males or females. However, the interquartile increase in $SO_2$ concentration was associated with a 7% increment in TB incidence (relative risk [RR], 1.07; 95% credible interval [CrI], 1.03 to 1.12) in males but not in females (RR, 1.02; 95% CrI, 0.98 to 1.07). Conclusions: Long-term exposure to ambient $SO_2$ increased the risk of TB in males.

Keywords

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