Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (아시아태평양암예방학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Histopathologic Characterization of Prostate Diseases in Madinah, Saudi Arabia

  • Published : 2014.05.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Aims: To delineate the histopathological pattern of prostate diseases and to highlight age variations in prostate specific antigen (PSA) values and histopathological features. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was made of all prostate biopsy reports seen between January 2006 and December 2013 at the King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Prostate lesions were tabulated and classified into benign and malignant groups. Histological scoring of adenocarcinomas was accomplished using the Gleason system. PSA values were correlated with Gleason scores. Results: Of 417 prostate lesions reviewed, 343 (82.3%) were benign and 74 (17.7%) were malignant, giving a benign to malignant ratio of 4.6:1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (both with and without inflammation) was the commonest prostatic lesion and accounted for 80.3% of all cases and 97.6% of all benign cases. The age range was 20 to 97 years with a mean of 69.2 years and a peak age group at 70-79 years. Seventy one cases of adenocarcinoma accounted for 95.9% of the total of 74 malignant tumors. It showed an age range of 44 to 95 years, a mean age of 70.9 years and peak prevalence in the 80-89 year age group. Gleason score seven was the most frequent (39.4%) in occurrence. Most adenocarcinomas, 41 cases (57.7%), were moderately differentiated (Gleason score of 5-7). PSA values ranged widely between 16-1,865ng/ml with a mean of 363.4ng/ml. Elevated PSA (>100ng/ml) levels were found in 53 (81.6%) patients. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum PSA level and Gleason score (p=0.0304). Conclusions: Prostatic lesions constitute a significant source of morbidity among adult males in Madinah. Benign prostatic hyperplasia was the commonest benign prostatic lesion and adenocarcinoma was the commonest histological subtype of prostatic cancer.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahmad Z, Qureshi A, Idrees R, Aftab K (2009). Prostatic carcinoma: a Pakistani perspective. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10, 323-34.
  2. Anderson-Jackson L, McGrowder DA, Alexander-Lindo R (2012). Prostate specific antigen and gleason score in men with prostate cancer at a private diagnostic radiology centre in Western Jamaica. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 1453-6. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.4.1453
  3. Anunobi CC, Akinde OR, Elesha SO, et al (2011). Prostate diseases in Lagos, Nigeria: a histologic study with tPSA correlation. Niger Postgrad Med J, 18, 98-104.
  4. Arafa MA, Rabah DM, Wahdan IH (2012). Awareness of general public towards cancer prostate and screening practice in arabic communities: a comparative multi-center study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 4321-6. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.9.4321
  5. Arshad H, Ahmad Z (2013). Overview of benign and malignant prostatic disease in pakistani patients: a clinical and histopathological perspective. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 3005-10. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.5.3005
  6. Basiri A, Shakhssalim N, Jalaly NY, et al (2014). Difference in the incidences of the most prevalent urologic cancers from 2003 to 2009 in Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15, 1459-63. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.3.1459
  7. Belbase NP, Agrawal CS, Pokharel PK, et al (2013). Prostate cancer screening in a healthy population cohort in eastern Nepal: an explanatory trial study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 2835-8. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.5.2835
  8. Bostanci Y, Kazzazi A, Momtahen S, Laze J, Djavan B (2013). Correlation between benign prostatic hyperplasia and inflammation. Curr Opin Urol, 23, 5-10. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOU.0b013e32835abd4a
  9. Brawley OW (2012a). Trends in prostate cancer in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst Monog, 45, 152-6.
  10. Brawley OW (2012b). Prostate cancer epidemiology in the United States. World J Urol, 30, 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-012-0824-2
  11. Cancer Statistics Registrations (2011). http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/vsob1/cancer-statistics-registrations--england--series-mb1-/no--42--2011/index.html.
  12. Coard KC, Skeete DH (2008). A 6-year analysis of the clinicopathological profile of patients with prostate cancer at the University Hospital of the West Indies, Jamaica. BJU Int, 103, 1482-6.
  13. Fibbi B, Penna G, Morelli A, Adorini L, Maggi M (2010). Chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Int J Androl, 33, 475-88.
  14. Gandaglia G, Briganti A, Gontero P, et al (2013). The role of chronic prostatic inflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BJU Int, 112, 432-41. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.12118
  15. George E, Thomas S (2004). A histopathologic survey of prostate disease in the Sultanate Of Oman. the internet journal of pathology, 3 (2). http://ispub.com/IJPA/3/2/5566 Accessed 26 March 2014.
  16. Goluch-Koniuszy Z, Rygielska M, Nowacka I (2013). Nutritional status and nutritional habits of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer-preliminary investigation. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment, 12, 319-30.
  17. Grivas N, Hastazeris K, Kafarakis V, et al (2012). Prostate cancer epidemiology in a rural area of north Western Greece. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 999-1002. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.3.999
  18. Hameed S, Malik A, Bilal S, Dogar SR, Aslam S (2010). Pattern of prostatic disease; a histopathological survey. Professional Medical Journal, 17, 573.
  19. Hong GE, Kong CH, Singam P, (2010). Seven-year review of prostate carcinomas diagnosed by TRUS biopsy in a single Malaysian institution. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 11, 1351-3.
  20. Huguet J (2012). Prostatic involvement by urothelial carcinoma in patients with bladder cancer and their implications in the clinical practice. Actas Urol Esp, 36, 545-53.
  21. Ismail SI, Soubani M, Nimri JM, Al-Zeer AH (2013). Cancer incidence in Jordan from 1996 to 2009-A comprehensive study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 3527-34. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.6.3527
  22. Jaffar R, Tabassum T, Qureshi A, Qureshi N (2011). Morphological patterns of prostatic lesions. J Fatima Jinnah Med Coll, 5, 40-3.
  23. Jamal S, Atique M, Khadim MT (2014). Changing pattern of malignancies: analysis of histopathology based tumour registry data and comparison of three decades at armed forces Institute of pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc, 64, 24-7.
  24. Malik RD, Dakwar G, Hardee ME, et al (2011). Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate. Rev Urol, 13, 56-60.
  25. Mansoor I (2002). Pattern of prostatic diseases in Saudi Arabia. the internet journal of pathology, 2 (2). http://ispub.com/ IJPA/2/2/9265 Accessed 26 March 2014.
  26. Mosli HA, Atwa MA, Mahassini SH (2000). Benign prostatic hyperplasia. The Saudi perspective in the year 2000. Saudi Med J, 21, 915-20.
  27. Mosli HA, Abdel-Meguid TA, Al-Maghrabi JA, et al (2009). The clinicopathologic patterns of prostatic diseases and prostate cancer in Saudi patients. Saudi Med J, 30, 1439-43.
  28. Na R, Jiang H, Kim St, et al (2012). Outcomes and trends of prostate biopsy for prostate cancer in chinese men from 2003 to 2011. Plos One, 7, e49914. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049914
  29. Nicholson TM, Ricke WA (2011). Androgens and estrogens in benign prostatic hyperplasia: past, present and future. Differentiation, 82, 184-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diff.2011.04.006
  30. Rabah DM, Arafa MA (2010). Prostate cancer screening in a Saudi population: an explanatory trial study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 13, 191-4. https://doi.org/10.1038/pcan.2009.60
  31. Salim EI, Moore MA, Bener A, et al (2009). Cancer epidemiology in South-West Asia-past, present and future. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10 Supplement 2, 33-48.
  32. Salim EI, Moore MA, Al-Lawati JA, et al (2009). Cancer epidemiology and control in the Arab World-Past, present and future. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10, 3-16.
  33. Taha SA, Kamal BA (2005). Screening program for prostate cancer at a university hospital in eastern Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J, 26, 1104-6.
  34. Takiar R, Kumar S (2014). Pattern of reproductive cancers in India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15, 599-603. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.2.599
  35. Talaiezadeh A, Tabesh H, Sattari A, Ebrahimi S (2013). Cancer incidence in Southwest of Iran: first report from Khuzestan population-based cancer registry, 2002-2009. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 7517-22. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.12.7517
  36. Tayib AM, Mosli HA, Al-Ammari AA (2003). Results of prostate biopsies in a teaching hospital in Western Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J, 24, 859-62.
  37. Tewari R, Rajender S, Natu SM, et al (2012). Diet, obesity, and prostate health: are we missing the link? J Androl, 33, 763-76. https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.111.015578
  38. Vos T, Flaxman AD, Naghavi M, et al (2012). Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet, 380, 2163-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2
  39. Vral A, Magri V, Montanari E, et al (2012). Topographic and quantitative relationship between prostate inflammation, proliferative inflammatory atrophy and low-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia: a biopsy study in chronic prostatitis patients. Int J Oncol, 41, 1950-8.
  40. Wahidin M, Noviani R, Hermawan S, et al (2012). Populationbased cancer registration in Indonesia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 1709-10. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.4.1709
  41. Wang Y, Wang Y, Ma Y, Zhu B (2012). Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate. Quant Imaging Med Surg, 2, 294-5.
  42. Xie WC, Chan MH, Mak KC, Chan WT, He M (2012). Trends in the incidence of 15 common cancers in Hong Kong, 1983-2008. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 3911-6. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.8.3911

Cited by

  1. Frequency of Unnecessarily Biopsies among Patients with Suspicion of Prostate Cancer in Syrian Men vol.16, pp.14, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.14.5967
  2. Prostate Cancer in Iran: Trends in Incidence and Morphological and Epidemiological Characteristics vol.17, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2016.17.2.839
  3. A Clinicopathological Profile of Prostate Cancer in Trinidad and Tobago vol.2016, pp.1687-6377, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2075021