Nutrition Research and Practice

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis of buckwheat protein on antigenicity and allergenicity

  • Sung, Dong-Eun (Department of Food Science and Technology, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Lee, Jeongok (Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Han, Youngshin (Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Shon, Dong-Hwa (Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Ahn, Kangmo (Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Oh, Sangsuk (Department of Food Science and Technology, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Do, Jeong-Ryong (Korea Food Research Institute)
  • Received : 2013.09.30
  • Accepted : 2013.12.09
  • Published : 2014.06.01
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Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Due to its beneficial health effects, use of buckwheat has shown a continuous increase, and concerns regarding the allergic property of buckwheat have also increased. This study was conducted for evaluation of the hydrolytic effects of seven commercial proteases on buckwheat allergens and its allergenicity. MATERIALS/METHODS: Extracted buckwheat protein was hydrolyzed by seven proteolytic enzymes at individual optimum temperature and pH for four hours. Analysis was then performed using SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, and competitive inhibition ELISA (ciELISA) with rabbit antiserum to buckwheat protein, and direct ELISA with pooled serum of 21 buckwheat-sensitive patients. RESULTS: Alkaline protease, classified as serine peptidase, was most effective in reducing allergenicity of buckwheat protein. It caused decomposition of the whole buckwheat protein, as shown on SDS-PAGE, and results of immunoblotting showed that the rabbit antiserum to buckwheat protein no longer recognized it as an antigen. Allergenicity showed a decrease of more than 50% when pooled serum of patients was used in ELISA. Two proteolytic enzymes from Aspergillus sp. could not hydrolyze buckwheat allergens effectively, and the allergenicity even appeared to increase. CONCLUSIONS: Serine-type peptidases appeared to show a relatively effective reduction of buckwheat allergenicity. However, the antigenicity measured using rabbit antiserum did not correspond to the allergenicity measured using sera from human patients. Production of less allergenic buckwheat protein may be possible using enzymatic hydrolysis.

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References

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