Geomechanics and Engineering

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seismic response analysis of layered soils considering effect of surcharge mass using HFTD approach. Part II: Nonlinear HFTD and numerical examples

  • Saffarian, Mohammad A. (Department of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman) ;
  • Bagheripour, Mohammad H. (Department of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman)
  • Received : 2013.06.19
  • Accepted : 2014.01.11
  • Published : 2014.06.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Studies of earthquakes over the last 50 years and the examination of dynamic soil behavior reveal that soil behavior is highly nonlinear and hysteretic even at small strains. Nonlinear behavior of soils during a seismic event has a predominant role in current site response analysis approaches. Common approaches to ground response analysis include linear, equivalent linear and nonlinear methods. These methods of ground response analysis may also be categorized into time domain and frequency domain concepts. Simplicity in developing analytical relations and accuracy in considering soils' dynamic properties dependency to loading frequency are benefits of frequency domain analysis. On the other hand, nonlinear methods are complicated and time consuming mainly because of their step by step integrations in time intervals. In part Ι of this paper, governing equations for seismic response analysis of surcharged and layered soils were developed using fundamental of wave propagation theory based on transfer function and boundary conditions. In this part, nonlinear seismic ground response is analyzed using extended HFTD method. The extended HFTD method benefits Newton-Raphson procedure which applies regular iterations and follows soils' fundamental stress-strain curve until convergence is achieved. The nonlinear HFTD approach developed here are applied to some examples presented in this part of the paper. Case studies are carried in which effects of some influencing parameters on the response are investigated. Results show that the current approach is sufficiently accurate, efficient, and fast converging. Discussions on the results obtained are presented throughout this part of the paper.

Keywords

References

  1. Anbazhagan, P., Aditya, P. and Rashmi, H.N. (2011), "Amplification based on shear wave velocity for seismic zonation: Comparison of empirical relation and site response results shallow engineering bedrock sites", Geomech. Eng., Int. J., 3(3), 189-206. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2011.3.3.189
  2. Asgari, A. and Bagheripour, M.H. (2010), "Earthquake response analysis of soil layers using HFTD approach", Proceedings of the Geoshanghai International Conference on Soil Dynamic and Earthquake Engineering, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication No. GSP 201, Shanghai, June.
  3. Bazrafshan Moghaddam, A. and Bagheripour, M.H. (2012a), "Ground response analysis using non-recursive matrix implementation of hybrid frequency-time domain (HFTD) approach", Scientia Iranica, 18(6), 1188-1197.
  4. Bazrafshan Moghaddam, A. and Bagheripour, M.H. (2012b), "Earthquake time -frequency analysis using a new compatible wavelet function family", Earthq. Struct., Int. J., 3(6), 839-852. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2012.3.6.839
  5. Darber, G.R. and Wolf, J.P. (1988), "Criterion of stability and implementation issues of hybrid frequency-time domain procedure for non-linear dynamic analysis", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 16(4), 569-581. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290160408
  6. Giarlelis, C., Lekka, D., Mylonakis, G. and Karabalis, D.L. (2011), "Lefkada 2003, Greece, earthquake: dynamic response of a 3-storey R/C structure on soft soil", Earthq. Struct., Int. J., 2(3), 257-277. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2011.2.3.257
  7. Jayaram, N., Baker, J.W., Okano, H., Ishida, H., McCann, M.W. and Mihara, Y. (2011), "Correlation of response spectral values in Japanese ground motions", Earthq. Struct., Int. J., 2(4), 357-376. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2011.2.4.357
  8. Nimtaj, A. (2010), "Seismic response of soil layers by mass -spring -damper model using Hybrid Frequency-Time Domain (HFTD) method", M.Sc. Dissertation, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
  9. Roy, N. and Sahu, R.B. (2012), "Site specific ground motion simulation and seismic response analysis for microzonation of Kolkata", Geomech. Eng., Int. J., 4(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2012.4.1.001
  10. Saffarian, M.A. (2013), "Seismic nonlinear ground response analysis considering surcharge mass by HFTD method", M.Sc. Dissertation, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
  11. Seed, H.B. and Idriss, I.M. (1970), "Soil moduli and damping factors for the dynamic response analysis", Report No. EERC 70-10, Earthquake Engineering Research Centre, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
  12. Wolf, J.P. (1986), "Nonlinear soil-structure-interaction analysis based on hybrid frequency time domain formulation", Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal, September.
  13. Zerva, A., Morikawa, H. and Sawada, S. (2012), "Criteria for processing response-spectrum-compatible seismic acceleration simulated via spectral representation", Earthq. Struct., Int. J., 3(3), 341-363. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2012.3.3_4.341

Cited by

  1. Extended Finite Layer Method for Semi-space Ground Analysis vol.35, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-016-0141-4
  2. Highly accurate space-time coupled least-squares finite element framework in studying wave propagation vol.2, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2469-x