Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education (수산해양교육연구)

The Korean Society for Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education (한국수산해양교육학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Characteristics of Cold Water Appeared in the Southwestern East Sea

동해 남서부해역에 출현하는 냉수 특성

  • Received : 2014.03.12
  • Accepted : 2014.05.15
  • Published : 2014.06.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

하계 동해의 남서부해역에 냉수가 왜 그리고 어떠한 해양환경하에 출현하는가를 밝히기 위하여 현장조사, 위성자료의 분석 및 수치실험을 실시하였다. 이 해역에서 냉수는 비정상년의 경우는 정상년에 비해 보다 더 연안 가까이에서 출현하였고, 수온도 낮았다. 이것은 냉수가 비정상년에는 정상년에 비해 크게 발달하여 연안역으로 확장함을 의미하였다. 흐름장의 계산결과는 지형류적인 관점에서 수온의 관측결과를 잘 재현하였다. 한편, 정상년의 경우는, 북한한류(NKCW)가 쓰시마난류(TC)와 균형을 유지하면서 동해의 북서쪽에 머물고 있었다. 이에 반해, 비정상년의 경우는, 북한한류가 점차 남쪽으로 남하하여 동해 서부역의 대부분이 북한한류의 세력하에 놓였다. 그래서, 하계 동해 서부 연안역에서의 냉수 출현은 남쪽으로의 북한한류의 확장에 의한 부산물인 것으로 판단되었다. 울산 연안역에 대한 유동계산결과는 하계 남풍이 불 경우, 표층과 저층 사이에 흐름의 역전현상이 나타났다. 따라서, 하계 동해의 남서부 연안역, 특히 수심의 변화가 급한 방어진 부근에서 냉수의 용승이 일어날 수 있음을 시사하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. An, H.(1974). On the cold water amass around the southeast of Korean Peninsula, J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea, 9(12), 10-18.
  2. Arakawa, A.(1996). Computational design for long-term numerical integration of the equation of motion: Two dimensional incompressible flow. Part I, J. Comput. Phys., 1, 119-143.
  3. Byun, S.(1989). Sea surface cold water near the southern sea of Korea: Wind effect, J. Korean Soc. Oceanol., 24, 121-131.
  4. Choi, B.. Byun, D. and Lee, K.(2012). Satellitealtimeter- derived East Sea surface currents: estimation, description and variability pattern, J. Korean Soc. Oceanol., 17(4), 225-242. https://doi.org/10.7850/jkso.2012.17.4.225
  5. Hamrick, J.(1992). A three-dimensional environmental fluid dynamics computer code: Theoretical and computational aspects, The College of William and Mary, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Special Report, 317, 1-63.
  6. Han, K.. Kim, J. and Baek, S.(2002). Seasonal variation of species composition of fishes collected by set net in coastal waters of Ulsan, Korea, Korean J. Ichthyol., 14(1), 61-69.
  7. Kim, C. and Kim, K.(1983), Characteristics and origin of the cold water mass along the east coast of Korea, J. Korean Soc. Oceanol., 18(1), 73-83.
  8. Kim, C. and Yoon, J.(1999). A numerical modeling of the upper and the intermediate layer circulation in the East Sea, J. Oceanogr., 55(2), 327-345. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007837212219
  9. Kim, D.. Lee, J. and Kim, J.(2003). Tides and tidal currents in Ulsan coastal waters in the summer of 1997, Proc. Annu. Conf. Korean Fish. Soc., 134-135.
  10. Kim, P.. Park, J. Park, Y. and Kang, M.(2001). Distribution characteristics of the nutrients and dissolved heavy metal constituents in Ulsan coastal waters, Annual meeting of Korean Society of Fisheries Technology, Pusan, Korea, 20-21 May, 258-260.
  11. Kim, Y.. Kim, Y.. Kim, K.. Chang, K.. Lyu, S. Cho, Y. and Teague, W.(2006). Seasonal variation of the Korea Strait bottom cold water and its relation to the bottom current, Geophysical Research Letters, 33: L24604, doi: 10.1029/2006GL027625, 1-5.
  12. Lee, C. and Cho, K.(1999). Characteristics of sea condition and current structures in the southern part of the East Sea, Annual meeting of Korean Environmental Science Society, Pusan, Korea, May, 171-172.
  13. Lee, C.. Park, C. and Moon, C.(2004). Appearance of cold water and distribution of zooplankton off Ulsan-Gampo area, eastern coastal area of Korea, The Sea, J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr., 9(2), 51-63.
  14. Lee, H. and Yoon, J.(1994). On the free surface OGCM, Proc. Fall meeting of the Oceanographical Society of Japan, 225-226.
  15. Lee, H.(1996). A numerical simulation for the water masses and circulations of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, PhD Thesis, Kyushu University, 1-150.
  16. Lee, J. and Na, J.(1985). Structure of upwelling off the southeast coast of Korea, J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea, 20(3), 6-19.
  17. Lee, J.(2007). Studies on environmental factors in relation to cyst distributions of phytoplankton and dinoflagellate in Ulsan Bay in the summer, PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, 1-115.
  18. Lee, J.. Kim, D. and Kim, J.(2003). Observations of coastal upwelling at Ulsan in summer 1997, J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr., 38(3), 122-134.
  19. Lee, K. and Kunishi, H.(1975). Studies on cold water off Ulsan coastal waters, Proc. Annual meeting of the Oceanographical Society of Japan, 18-18.
  20. Lee, S.(1983). Introduction to physical oceanography, Jibmun-dang Publisher, Pusan, pp. 1-300.
  21. Lee, Y.. You, H.. Park, S. et al.(1994). Marine depositional environment off Ulsan, the East Sea, J. Korean Earth Sci. Soc., 15(3), 189-206.
  22. Mellor, G.(1991). An equation of state for numerical models of oceans and estuaries, J. Atoms Ocean Technol., 8, 609-611. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1991)008<0609:AEOSFN>2.0.CO;2
  23. Min, H.(1994). A study on the variation of the bottom water temperature in the Korea Strait, MS Thesis, Seoul National University, 1-55.
  24. Na, J. and Paeng, D.(1992). Influences of the sea surface wind on current and thermal structures in the southwestern part of the East Sea of Korea, J. Fish Sci. Tech. Korea, 25(1), 15-28.
  25. Pukyong National University(2007). Final report for fisheries damage investigation by thermal water in Kijang Region due to the operation of the Kori Nuclear Power Plant, Joint Institute for Ocean Sciences, 1-617.
  26. Seo, J.. Lim, I.. Kim, H. and Lee, H.(2008). Studies of fish inhabitation and distribution of eight abundant species in relation with water quality in streams and rivers, Ulsan City, Korean J. of Limnol., 41(3), 283-293.
  27. Seung, Y. and Nam, S.(1992). A two-layer model for the effect of cold water formation on the East Korean Warm Current, J. Fish Sci. Tech., 25(1), 65-72.
  28. Takikawa, T.. Yoon, J. and Cho, K.(2005). The Tsushima Warm Current through Tsushima Straits estimated from ferryboat ADCP data, J. Phy. Oceanogr., 35, 1154-1168. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO2742.1
  29. Teague, W.. Jacobs, G.. Perkins, H.. Book, J. Chang, K. and Suk, M.(2002), Low frequency current observations in the Korea Strait, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 1621-1641. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(2002)032<1621:LFCOIT>2.0.CO;2
  30. Yoon, J.(1982a). Numerical experiment of the circulation in the Japan Sea. Part I. Formation of the Easter Korean Warm Current, J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 38(2), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02110289
  31. Yoon, J.(1982b). Numerical experiment of the circulation in the Japan Sea. Part II. Influence of seasonal variations in atmospheric conditions on the Tsushima Current, J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 38(2), 81-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02110294