Research on HVAC System Operating Schemes for Pressurization to Reduce Stack Effect Problems in Elevator Halls of High-rise Office Building

초고층 사무소 건물 엘리베이터 홀에서의 연돌현상 저감을 위한 공조가압 방안의 적용

This study aims to find effective operation schemes for HVAC systems for pressurization to reduce stack effect problems in elevator halls of high-rise office building. The suggested operation scheme was to pressurize the floors above neutral pressure level of high-rise elevator shaft by introducing outdoor air. First, Field measurement was conducted to evaluate this scheme in the 60-story office building located in seoul. The measurements were conducted to measure the pressure differences across the elevator doors, air velocities at the open elevator doors, and the noise levels in the elevator halls. The volumes of outdoor air were increased by changing the openness of the outdoor air control damper from 0% through 40% by the increment of 10% until the measured pressure difference across the elevator door of the high-rise elevator shaft on the first floor became lower than 100Pa. For the different damper operations, the outdoor air volumes per floor became 0 CMH(Base case), 1,302 CMH(Case 1), 2,603 CMH(Case 2), 3,904 CMH(Case 3), and 5,206 CMH(Case 4). From the field measurement, it was found that pressurizing the $40^{th}$ to $60^{th}$ floor with outdoor air of approximately 110,000 CMH under the winter design outdoor temperature condition in the Seoul area effectively solved the problems related to stack effect in elevator halls of this office building. At this time, costs due to the introduction of outdoor air was calculated 176,689 won per hour. For pressurized method introducing outdoor air, the exhaust air control method using fresh outdoor air for ventilation was proposed.