Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Study of Kidney Toxicity of Azadirachta Indica Extract for Oral Administration in Rats

님추출물의 경구투여에 따른 랫드의 신장독성 연구

  • Yoon, Hyunjoo (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choe, Miseon (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Cho, Hyeon-Jo (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Han, Beom Seok (Hoseo Toxicological Research Center, Hoseo University) ;
  • Park, Kyung-Hun (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Oh, Jin-Ah (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Cho, Namjun (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Paik, Min-Kyoung (Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 윤현주 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 최미선 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 조현조 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 한범석 (호서대 안전성평가센터) ;
  • 박경훈 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 오진아 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 조남준 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 백민경 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과)
  • Received : 2013.12.05
  • Accepted : 2014.03.26
  • Published : 2014.06.30
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Azadirachta indica has been widely used as environment-friendly organic materials because of its insecticidal properties. This study was carried out to investigate the acute toxicity and the subacute toxicity of Azadirachta indica extract(AIE) in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: For the oral acute toxicity test, Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with 2.0 g/Kg bw of AIE. The $LD_{50}$ value was greater than 2.0 g/Kg bw for both male and female rats. For the subacute toxicity study, rats were treated with AIE at doses of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/Kg bw once a day for 4 weeks(n=10 animals per each group). There were no significant changes in body weight, food intake and water consumption observed during the experimental duration. In addition, no difference of relative kidney weight was observed among all treated groups. Serum creatinine level in the AIE 2.0 g/Kg group increased significantly compared with that of control group in male rats, but serum blood urea nitrogen was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). Significant increase of serum cholesterol levels were observed in all AIE groups, compared with the control group, in the female rats (p<0.05). However, histopathological examination of the kidney did not reveal any significant lesions in all groups. CONCLUSION: On the basis of results, it could be concluded that oral administration AIE didn't cause any toxic response in kidney, except the increased serum cholesterol.

Azadirachta indica는 살충작용을 가진 약용 식물 중 하나로 우리나라에서 유기농업자재로 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 님추출물의 인체 안전성을 확인하기 위하여, SD 랫드를 이용하여 님추출물의 급성경구독성시험과 4주 반복투여 경구독성시험을 수행하여 신장의 조직변화 및 혈액생화학적 지표를 관찰하였다. 급성 독성시험 결과 님추출물의 $LD_{50}$은 2.0 g/Kg이상으로 나타났다. 반복투여 경구독성시험으로 님추출물을 각각 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/Kg으로 투여한 결과, 체중변화, 사료 및 물 섭취량에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 시험물질투여군의 상대 신장중량 또한 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 혈중 CREA는 수컷에서 님추출물 고용량 투여군에서 유의적으로 증가하였으나 BUN은 투여용량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하였다. 신장과 관련된 혈중 지표인 CHO는 암컷에서 시험물질 투여군의 용량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였다. 그러나, 조직 병리학적 분석결과 모든 시험물질투여군에서 이상이 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 님추출물은 암컷에서 혈중 콜레스테롤 증가 경향을 보인 것을 제외하고는 모든 용량처리군에서 신장에 독성 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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