DCT and DWT Based Robust Audio Watermarking Scheme for Copyright Protection

  • Deb, Kaushik (Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology) ;
  • Rahman, Md. Ashikur (Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology) ;
  • Sultana, Kazi Zakia (Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology) ;
  • Sarker, Md. Iqbal Hasan (Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology) ;
  • Chong, Ui-Pil (School of Electrical Engineering University of Ulsan)
  • Received : 2013.11.27
  • Accepted : 2014.02.04
  • Published : 2014.01.30

Abstract

Digital watermarking techniques are attracting attention as a proper solution to protect copyright for multimedia data. This paper proposes a new audio watermarking method based on Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) and Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) for copyright protection. In our proposed watermarking method, the original audio is transformed into DCT domain and divided into two parts. Synchronization code is applied on the signal in first part and 2 levels DWT domain is applied on the signal in second part. The absolute value of DWT coefficient is divided into arbitrary number of segments and calculates the energy of each segment and middle peak. Watermarks are then embedded into each middle peak. Watermarks are extracted by performing the inverse operation of watermark embedding process. Experimental results show that the hidden watermark data is robust to re-sampling, low-pass filtering, re-quantization, MP3 compression, cropping, echo addition, delay, and pitch shifting, amplitude change. Performance analysis of the proposed scheme shows low error probability rates.

Keywords

References

  1. CAI Yong-mei, GUO Wen-qiang, DING Hai-yang, "An Audio Blind Watermarking Schema Based on DWT-SVD," Journal of Software, VOL. 8, No. 7,July 2013.
  2. Malay Kishore Dutta, Phalguni Gupta and Vinay K Pathak, "Audio Watermarking Using Pseudorandom Sequences Based on Biometric Templates" Journal of Computers, Vol.5, pp. 372-379, Mar. 2010.
  3. I.Cox,M.Miller, J.Bloom, J.Fridrich, T.Kalke, Digital Watermarking and Steganography, seconded., Morgan Kaufmann, Burlington, MA, 2007.
  4. S.Bhattacharya, T.Chattopadhyay, A.Pal, A survey on different video watermarking techniques and comparative analysis with reference to H. 264/AVC, in: IEEE 10th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (ISCE'06), 2006, pp.1-6.
  5. V.M.Potdar, S.Han, E.Chang, A survey of digital image watermarking techniques, in: 3rd IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN'05), 2005, pp.709-716.
  6. P.Bassia, l.Pitas, and N. Nikolaidis, "Robust audio watermarking in the time domain" IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 3, pp. 232-241, June 2001. https://doi.org/10.1109/6046.923822
  7. S.Katzenbeisser, F.A.P.Petitcolas, Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking, Artech House, Boston, 2000.
  8. M.D.Swanson, B.Zhu, A.H.Tewfik, L.Boney, Robust audio watermarking using perceptual masking, Signal Process. 66(3) (1998)337-35520. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1684(98)00014-0
  9. N.Cvejic, T.Seppanen, Digital Audio Watermarking Techniques and Technologies, Information Science Reference, USA,2007.
  10. P.Basia, I.Pitas, N.Nikolaidis, Robust audio watermarking in the time domain, IEEE Trans. Multimedia 3 (2)(2001)232-241.23. https://doi.org/10.1109/6046.923822
  11. W.-N.Lie, L.-C.Chang, Robusthigh-quality time-domain audio watermarking based on low-frequency amplitude modification, IEEE Trans.Multime-dia8 (1)(2006)46-59. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2005.861292
  12. X.Y.Wang, H.Zhao, A novel synchronization in variant audio watermarking Scheme based on DWT and DCT, IEEE Trans. Signal Process.54 (12) (2006)4835-4840. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2006.881258
  13. S.Wu, J.Huang, D.Huang, Y.Q.Shi, Efficiently self synchronized audio watermarking for assured audio data transmission, IEEE Trans. Broadcasting 51(1)(2005)69-76. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBC.2004.838265
  14. I.K.Yeo, H.J.Kim, Modified patch work algorithm: A novel audio watermarking scheme, IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process. 11(4)(2003)381-386. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSA.2003.812145
  15. D.Kirovski, H.S.Malvar, Spread-spectrum watermarking of audio signals, IEEE Trans. Signal Process.51(4)(2003)1020-1033. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2003.809384
  16. X.Li, H.H.Yu, Transparent and robust audio data hiding in cepstrum domain, in: IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, vol.1, 2000, pp.397-400.
  17. D.Gruhl, A.Lu, W.Bender, Echo hiding, in: Information Hiding (IH'96), in: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.1174, Springer, Berlin, 1996, pp.295-315.
  18. R.Tachibana, S.Shimizu, S.Kobayashi, T.Nakamura, An audio watermarking method using a two-dimensional pseudo-random array, Signal Process. 82(10)(2002)1455-1469. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1684(02)00284-0
  19. M.F.Mansour, A.H. T ewfik, Times calein variant audio data embedding, EURASIPJ. Appl. Signal Process. 2003(1)(2003)993-1000.
  20. B.-S.Ko, R.Nishimura,Y.Suzuki, Time-spread echo method for digital audio watermarking using PN sequences, in: IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal Processing (ICASSP'02),vol.2,2002,pp.2001-2004.
  21. Md. Iqbal Hasan Sarker, Mohammad Ibrahim Khan, Kaushik Deb and Md. Faisal Faruque, " FFT-Based Audio Watermarking Method with a Gray Image for Copyright Protection ", International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 47, October, 2012