Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging

Korean Society of Echocardiography (한국심초음파학회)
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ENDURANCE AND STRENGTH ATHLETE'S HEART: ANALYSIS OF MYOCARDIAL DEFORMATION BY SPECKLE TRACKING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

  • Received : 2014.09.23
  • Accepted : 2014.11.27
  • Published : 2014.12.27
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intensive training induces two morphological myocardial typologies of athlete's heart. Endurance training (ET) induces eccentric remodeling, bradycardia and better diastolic filling. Strength training (ST) determines concentric chamber remodelling maintaining a normal heart rate (HR). Aim of the study was to compare ET and ST athletes' heart using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). METHODS: 33 professional ET, 36 ST athletes, and 17 healthy controls (CT) were enrolled. All subjects underwent standard transthoracic echocardiography at rest and STE. RESULTSE: In ET group, HR was lower than ST group and CT group (p < 0.001; p < 0.01). ET group had higher E/A ratio than ST group and CT group (p < 0.01; p < 0.001). The left ventricular apical circumferential strain in ET group was lower than ST group and CT group ($-21.6{\pm}4.1%$ vs. $-26.8{\pm}7.7%$, p < 0.05; vs. $-27.8{\pm}5.6%$, p < 0.01). ET group had lower left ventricular twist (LVT) and untwisting (UTW) than ST group ($6.2{\pm}0.1^{\circ}$ vs. $12.0{\pm}0.1^{\circ}$, p < 0.01; $-67.3{\pm}22.9^{\circ}/s$ vs. $-122.5{\pm}52.8^{\circ}/s$, p < 0.01) and CT group ($10.0{\pm}0.1^{\circ}$, p < 0.01; $-103.3{\pm}29.3^{\circ}/s$, p < 0.01). The univariate analysis showed significant correlation between E/A ratio and HR (r = -0.54; p < 0.001), LVT (r = -0.45; p < 0.01), UTW (r = 0.24; p < 0.05). At the multivariate analysis only HR was confirmed as independent predictor of diastolic function in all groups (Beta -0.52; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In ET there was a better global systolic and diastolic functional reserve at rest observed with strain analysis and it maybe depended on autonomic modulation.

Keywords

References

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