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Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Carbonate Minerals from the Olon Ovoot Gold Mine, Mongolia

몽골 Olon Ovoot 금 광산에서 산출되는 탄산염광물의 산출상태 및 화학조성

  • Yoo, Bong Chul (Mineral Resources Department, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Tungalag, Naidansuren (Mineral Resources Team, Mongolain Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Sereenen, Jargalen (Department of Mineral Exploration, Mongolian University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Heo, Chul-Ho (Mineral Resources Department, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Ko, Sang-Mo (Mineral Resources Department, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • Received : 2014.03.04
  • Accepted : 2014.04.15
  • Published : 2014.04.28

Abstract

Olon Ovoot gold mine, Mongolia, is located in the Omnogobi province which is south 500 km from Ulaanbaatar. The mine area consists of the Devonian Bot-Uul khudag formation, the Upper Devonian intrusions, and the Upper Devonian or the Early Jurassic quartz veins. The quartz veins contain from 1 to 32 g/t gold with an average of 5 g/t gold. The quartz veins vary from 0.2 m to 25 m and are concordant or discordant with foliation of the green-schist. The mineralogy of the quartz veins is simple and consists of mainly of white massive quartz with partly transparent quartz in cavity. Quartz, sericite, chlorite, pyrite and carbonates(ankerite, dolomite and siderite) were observed in the alteration zone. Carbonate minerals occur as disseminated, coarse or fine grains with quartz, sericite, chlorite and pyrite near vein margin or within wall-rock xenoliths in quartz vein. Ankerite is present as later dark grey ankerite(13.51 to 16.89 wt.% FeO) and early white grey ankerite(16.67 to 19.90 wt.% FeO). The FeO contents of early ankerite are higher than those of later ankerite. Dolomite contains from 3.89 to 10.44 wt.% FeO and from 0.10 to 0.47 wt.% MnO. Dolomite is present as dark grey dolomite(4.06 to 6.87 wt.% FeO), light white grey dolomite(6.74 to 7.58 wt.% FeO) and grey white dolomite(7.33 to 10.44 wt.% FeO). The FeO contents of white grey dolomite are higher than those of dark grey dolomite. Siderite contains from 34.25 to 48.66 wt.% FeO, from 6.79 to 14.38 wt.% MgO, from 0.06 to 0.26 wt.% MnO and from 2.08 to 8.08 wt.% CaO.

올론오보트 금 광산은 몽골 올란바타르의 남쪽 500 km 떨어진 옴노고비주에 위치한다. 광산일대의 주변지질은 데본기의 보티울쿠닥층, 이를 관입한 후기 데본기의 관입암류, 후기 데본기 내지 조기 중생대의 석영맥으로 구성된다. 이 광산의 석영맥에서 금 품위는 1~32 g/t Au(평균 품위 5 g/t Au)이며 맥폭은 0.2~25 m 정도로 변화가 심하고 석영맥들은 모암의 엽리방향과 concordant하게 발달하나 일부 지역에선 discordant하게 발달한다. 석영맥에서 산출되는 광물은 단순하고 이 석영맥은 백색 괴상으로 산출되나 일부 정동구조내에 자형의 석영이 관찰된다. 모암변질광물로는 석영, 견운모, 녹니석, 황철석 및 탄산염광물(앵커라이트, 돌로마이트, 능철석)이다. 탄산염광물은 모암변질, 석영 맥의 주변부 및 석영맥내에 포획된 모암에서 조립내지 세립으로 석영, 견운모, 녹니석 및 황철석과 함께 산출된다. 조기의 백회색 앵커라이트(16.67~19.90 wt.% FeO)는 후기에 산출된 암회색의 앵커라이트(13.51~16.89 wt.% FeO)에 의해 교대된다. 이것은 조기에 정출한 앵커라이트는 후기에 정출한 앵커라이트보다 FeO 함량이 높음을 의미한다. 암회색 돌로마이트(4.06~6.87 wt.% FeO), 엷은 백회색 돌로마이트(6.74~7.58 wt.% FeO) 및 회백색 돌로마이트(7.33~10.44 wt.% FeO)로 산출된다. 이것은 백회색의 돌로마이트의 FeO 함량이 암회색의 돌로마이트보다 높음을 의미한다. 능철석은 34.25~48.66 wt.%(FeO), 0.06~0.26 wt.%(MnO), 2.08~8.08 wt.%(CaO) 및 6.79~14.38 wt.%(MgO) 값을 갖는다.

Keywords

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